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Coevolutionary relationships between parasites and their hosts can be more complicated than between predators and their prey. As in the case of prey-predator relationship, one can expect hosts to evolve more effective defences against the parasite, and the parasite in turn can evolve to be more virulent. A balancing act has to be done here also as the parasite cannot afford to increase its own reproductive efficiency at the expense of the host. The death of the host would mean the death of the parasite before it could be transmitted to another living host. If the parasite has to be transferred from one host to another the parasite must evolve a lower degree of virulence so as not to kill the host. Successful host-parasite relationships are evolved on the dictum of "live and let live".
The well known Australian example illustrates the coevolution concept between rabbit hosts and myxorna virus parasite. European rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus were first introduced into the Australian continent in the middle of the 19th century. In less than ten years the population multiplied into enormous numbers occupying a wide variety of environments in Australia from subalpine to subtropical zones. Towards the middle of the 19th century there were several hundred million rabbits. The rabbits had attained the status of a serious pest population. In order to control very effectively the population size, a search of natural enemies for the rabbits was made. Such a search reiealed that myxoma virus could multiply as an epizoite on rabbits and that mosquitoes could be the natural vectors for the mechanical transfer of the parasite.
Truffles, morels and the many yeasts that are basic to fermentation processes belong to this group of fungi. These fung are termed as: a) Phycomycetes b) Ascomycetes c)
Strawberry Slain: It signfies the dilatation of deeper vessels to form cavernous spaces like those seen in the erectile tissue of the penis. The lesion is well-defined
Erythrocytic cycle The cycle that takes place in the body of man who is considered as secondary host is called the erythrocytic cycle. The first stage of the cycle begins
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KIDNEY S - Origin . They develop from the mesoderm of the embryo. The kidneys secrete three hormones: renin, erythropoetin and calcitriol. (i) Renin . Whenever the rat
R e troviral method: A retrovirus is a virus that carries its genetic material in the form of RNA rather than DNA. In this method retroviruses are used as vectors to transf
Proteins Proteins are continually synthesised in the cells as they are the principal component required for growth. Proteins are composed of amino acids which are derived larg
Simultaneously with the formation of two daughter nuclei, a cleavage furrow appears in the middle of the cell. The furrows gradually deepen and divide the cell into two daughter ce
What are few examples of phenotypical characteristics that present two or more varieties and of phenotypical features that do not vary? In relation to the genes correspondent to th
Explain Nephrotic syndrome Nephrotic syndrome :- Kidney disease due to degeneration of renal tubule.
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