Clinical presentation - heart failure, Biology

Assignment Help:

There is a wide spectrum of potential clinical presentations with heart failure. Most patients have signs and symptoms of pulmonary congestion including dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.

Symptoms

Dyspnoea

Breathlessness or dyspnoea is a cardinal symptom of left ventricular failure and the patient may present with exertional dyspnoea or orthopnoea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea or acute pulmonary edema.  

Exertional Dyspnoea

Degree of physical activity goes on decreasing as the heart failure progresses. Orthopnoea is dyspnoea that develops in recumbent position and is relieved by sitting up. It develops within few minutes of assuming recumbency and occurs when the patient is awake. Decreased pooling of fluid in the lower limbs and shift of fluid to the intrathoracic compartment resulting in increased preload causes orthopnoea.

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnoea

 Here the patient, after going to sleep for sometime, suddenly gets up with dyspnoea and suffocation and sits upright gasping for breath. Bronchospasm may be present and hence is often referred to as cardiac asthma. With patient asleep at night, the increased resorption of fluid into the vascular space, increased intrathoracic volume, elevation of diaphragms due to recumbency, reduced sympathetic support during night and nocturnal depression of respiratory center during night are the factors operative producing paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea.


Related Discussions:- Clinical presentation - heart failure

Nervous system - midbrain, MID BRAIN - Optics lobes 4 in number ( Corpo...

MID BRAIN - Optics lobes 4 in number ( Corpora Quadrizemmini ) in frog corpora bizemmini . Solid, optocoel is absent. 2 superior coculi and 2 inferior coculi are present.

Interdependance, Give an example of how two organisms are interdependent.

Give an example of how two organisms are interdependent.

Endocytosis and exocytosis, Endocytosis and Exocytosis Endocytosis is the...

Endocytosis and Exocytosis Endocytosis is the process by which substances are brought into the cell from outside by formation of membrane bound vesicles. These extra cellular sub

Define about the geriatric nutrition, Define about the Geriatric Nutrition?...

Define about the Geriatric Nutrition? Aging has been defined as "a series of time related process that ultimately brings life to a close." Persons of 60 years of age and older

Describe the dinosaurs in multimedia tutorials, Describe the Dinosaurs in m...

Describe the Dinosaurs in multimedia Tutorials? Travel back to a time when dinosaurs ruled the earth. Learn about the different types of dinosaurs and practice building your ow

Show the anatomical evidence, Q. Show the Anatomical Evidence? Anatomy ...

Q. Show the Anatomical Evidence? Anatomy is the study of the structure, organisation and development of cells and tissues of plants and animals. For over a century taxonomists

Ecology, What is the role of ecology to the evolution theory.

What is the role of ecology to the evolution theory.

Microbodies, MICROBODIES Single unit membrane bound small spherical str...

MICROBODIES Single unit membrane bound small spherical structures. Microbodies are structurally related to lysosome. On the basis of functions microbodies are of four typ

Define endocrine or hormonal disorders - reproductive tract, Define Endocri...

Define Endocrine or Hormonal Disorders affect the Reproductive Tract Endocrine or hormonal disorders can affect several aspects of reproduction, from menstruation to fertility.

Reproduction, name the sturcture formed when the male and female nuclei fus...

name the sturcture formed when the male and female nuclei fuse during fertilisation.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd