Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Ciliated Protozoan
Ciliates form the largest and the most homogenous group of protozoans. They are placed under one phylum Ciliophora and evidence indicates that its members share a common evolutionary history. There are more than 7200 species found in fresh and marine waters and the water film of soil. About one third of ciliates are ecto and endoparasites or commensals. The classic example of this phylum is the slipper shaped Paramecium. Other well known examples are Vorticella, Stentor, Didinium, Balantidium.
Figure: Various ciliates. Vorlieella and Stentor sessile ciliates, Stentor can also release itself and swim about. Didinium a raptoral ciliate Tetrahymena, Acineta with bunches of tentacles.
All ciliates possess cilia for locomotion and for suspension feeding. Another (Organization) distinguishing feature is the presence of kinetosomes (ciliary basal body) and an associated complex anchorage system of fibrils connecting the kinetosomes in longitudinal rows. All of these make the subsurface ciliature or infraciliary system. Most ciliates have a mouth or cytostome and feed by sweeping particle laden water into the mouth. The cytostome and cytopharynx open into the food vacuole and undigested remains are expelled through a fixed spot. Another characteristic feature is the presence of 2 types of nuclei. One large macronucleus and one or more small micronuclei. The macronucleus is called the vegetative nucleus as it regulates the normal metabolic processes of the organism for mitotic division and for control of cellular differentiation.
It is required for protein synthesis. The amount of DNA that macronucleus contains is much more than what is present in micronucleus because of duplications following the formation of macronucleus from the micronucleus. The micronucleus on the other hand is small and rounded. It is diploid and more than one may be present, with little RNA. The micronucleus contains the genetic material responsible for genetic exchange during sexual reproduction and also for reforming the macronucleus. Ciliates reproduce asexually by transverse fission and sexually through conjugation which involves the exchange and fusion of micronuclei at the region of contact.
Explain Basal Metabolism Rate (BMR) - Ageing? From age 25 years, the basal metabolism decreases by about 2 percent for each decade due to the increasing proportion of body fat
Q. What are the organs that are part of the male genital system? The organs that comprise the male genital system are the testicles, the vas deferens, the seminal vesicles, the
Development of Nutritional Biochemistry Nutrition, in general, and particularly nutritional biochemistry, has traveled a long way since 1926, when nutrition was first reco
Explain the drawback of protein hydrolysates The drawback of many protein hydrolysates, is that when hydrolysed, most of the food proteins liberate bitter tasting peptides, wh
Toxic agents present in food which interfere with thyroxine synthesis lead to the development of: 1. toxic goitre 2. cretinism 3. simple goitre 4. thyrotoxicosis si
adaptation of the phylum protozoa to its function
In the fruit fly Drosophila, a rudimentary wing called "vestigial" and dark body color called "ebony" are inherited at independent loci and are recessive to their dominant wild-typ
Explain the Serial Dilution Process - Plate Counts? Dilution factor is the reciprocal of the dilution used. As number of microorganisms in original sample is not known, the ori
What is a single cell protein? The proteins obtained from microbial sources, i.e. algae, fungi, bacteria, yeast etc. are referred to as Single Cell Proteins. These are isolated
as newly appointed food safety manager within a medium seized
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd