Census and Registration Data:
Census and registration data have become very comprehensive census but it now extends to many areas.
a.Census of Population: A census of the population is conducted at the beginning of every decade in India, viz, the census of 1901, 1911,and so on. In western countries the census is conducted at the end of the decade i ,e, 1900,1910 and so on. The census of the population reveals many interesting characteristics of the population. Population by state city metropolitan area and rural areas are revealed by the census. Characteristics of the population such as age, sex, race mother tongue citizenship education families and their composition employment status place of work main occupation and subsidiary occupation are revealed both area wise and region wise. Similarly a census of housing is also conducted by the government where in information pertaining to the year of a building equipment water source fuel used rent paid value of the house and ethnic characteristic of the locality are mentioned.
b. Census of Agriculture: The census of agriculture is of recent origin. It has been commonly undertaken in western countries. The census includes information and data pertaining to the number of farms size acreage value farm expenditure crops and value added facilities and equipment cattle and their uses. The national sample survey is an important agricultural data collection agency. The ministry of agriculture conducts some sample surveys to find out the problems and potentials of agriculture in some selected areas of the country.
c. Census of Cattle: In India sample surveys have been conducted to find out the number of animals such as goats sheep and milk animals. They have revealed the possibilities of market expansions of industrial products related to cattle for example milk meat leather and so on. Sample surveys are the basis for enumerating the number of animals in the country and also in different parts of the country.
d. Census of Trade: he census of retail trade wholesale trade and selected service industries has yielded statistics pertaining to total sales number of employee and number of establishment for each type of business. The census may be conducted sate wise and area wise. The import and export registered with the ministry of commerce has become a very good source of data for foreign trade.
e.Census to Transport: The census of transport is conducted periodically. This has been undertaken by ministry of transport to find out the existing transport facilities and also possibilities for the future expansion of the business.
f.Census of Industry: The census of industry mining and manufacturing is conducted from time to time. The census of industry is also conducted to find out the number and size of establishment ownership man hours and sales by customers and class. Also inventories selected costs book value of fixed assets capital expenditure and investment energy used value added by manufacture and quantity and value of materials consumed.
g.Census of Banking and Finance: The Reserve Bank of India has prepared detailed statistic on various performances of banking and the positions of financial institutions. The financial and banking position decide the potentials of market expansion.