Cardiac output and its determination, Biology

Assignment Help:

The cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped from the heart every minute. It is obtained by the volume pumped with each beat (stroke volume) multiplied by the heart rate. The cardiac output increases during exercise and falls in the common type of heart failure. The stroke volume depends in part on the amount of blood in the ventricule at the end of diastole. This determines the degree of stretch of the myocardial fibre. The greater the stretch (within limits) the stronger the force of contraction and the greater the stroke volume (Starlings law of the heart).

Control of the heart rate depends on the ratio of the sympathetic (increases) and parasympathetic (decreases) impulses to the sino atrial node which  is the cardiac pacemaker. Receptors sensitive to pressure are located in the carotid sinus and the wall of the arch of the aorta.When the carotid sinus detects a sudden  rise in arterial pressure, impulses pass from the carotid baroreceptors to the cardiac control centre in the medulla and impulses sent through the parasympathetic system reduce the heart rate. Similar effects result from  the aortic baroreceptors as well. If the blood pressure drops the heart rate is reflexly increased. Various other reflexes from anger, fear, pain, temperature, etc. also increase the heart rate.


Related Discussions:- Cardiac output and its determination

How do foods and animals become contaminated with dioxin, Normal 0 ...

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

What are the hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex, Q. What are the hormo...

Q. What are the hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex? What are their respective functions? The cortical portion of the adrenals secretes hormones of the corticoid (or cortic

Vitamin C, What is pasteurization of fruit juice?

What is pasteurization of fruit juice?

Why capsulate staining is difficult, Why Capsulate Staining is Difficult? ...

Why Capsulate Staining is Difficult? Capsule staining is difficult because capsular material is soluble in water and may be dislodged or removed during vigorous washing. Negati

Lithosphere, The lithosphere contains all of the hard solid land of the ear...

The lithosphere contains all of the hard solid land of the earth crust and the semisolid land underneath the crust. The surface of the lithosphere is very uneven contains high moun

Invertabrate zoology, a report on similarities and diffrences between proto...

a report on similarities and diffrences between protozoans and mesazoans

What would be the probability of obtaining result, A plant grown from one o...

A plant grown from one of Mendel's yellow peas is selfed. Five progeny peas are obtained from this self and they are all yellow. If the original selfed plant had been homozygous, w

Explain keshan disease caused by selenium deficiency, Explain Keshan diseas...

Explain Keshan disease caused by Selenium deficiency? It is a cardiomyopathy (disease of the myocardium, involving heart muscle) that was identified to affect children and wome

Explain canning - method of food preservation, Explain Canning (temperature...

Explain Canning (temperature above 100° C) - method of food preservation? Canning is the process in which the foods are heated in hermetically sealed (airtight) jars or cans t

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd