Bovine parainfluenza, Biology

Assignment Help:

Bovine parainfluenza


This virus belongs to the genus Respirovirus in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae of family Paramyxoviridae. It causes respiratory syndrome in cattle and sheep affecting large number of animals especially in intensive breeding units. In young animals, the disease is marked by fever, lachrymation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. Affliction of the respiratory system by this virus predisposes to secondary bacterial invasion, especially by Pasteurella haemolytica. The disease is also known as 'shipping fever'.


Clinical signs:
There is lacrimation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. The animals may recover in 3-4 days, or may develop secondary bacterial infection with purulent nasal discharge.


Diagnosis: The disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs subject to the laboratory confirmation by haemagglutination inhibition, immuno- fluorescence and cell culture virus neutralization tests. Virus can be recovered from the nasal discharge for 7 to 9 days after infection and isolated in bovine cell cultures. For a sero-survey, paired serum samples are collected and processed for detecting antibodies. A 4-fold rise in antibody titre is suggestive of recent infection.


Prevention and control: Several attenuated virus vaccines are able to induce protective mucosal IgA antibodies. Combined vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotrachitis, bovine adenovirus and bovine viral diahorrea have been used abroad


Related Discussions:- Bovine parainfluenza

Define inadequate calcium intake and iron deficiency anaemia, Determine Eff...

Determine Effect of Inadequate calcium intake and iron deficiency anaemia? The requirement of iron and calcium is at its peak in adolescence due to an increase in the skeletal

What are the functions of insulin and glucagon, What are the functions of i...

What are the functions of insulin and glucagon for the blood glucose control? Glucagon enhances glycemia and insulin reduces it. They are antagonistic pancreatic hormones. Gluc

Chlamydiosis-diagnosis, Diagnosis Clinical signs: In most of the case...

Diagnosis Clinical signs: In most of the cases in initial stages like bacterial infections there is leucocytosis with neutrophilia, which at later stages of the disease may c

How is the human karyotype usually represented, Can two normal individuals ...

Can two normal individuals of the same species with sexual reproduction have identical genomes and identical karyotypes? How is the human karyotype usually represented? Except

Epidemiology, Epidemiology:   The study of disease in populations.  In...

Epidemiology:   The study of disease in populations.  Includes: The Aetiology of the disease Patterns of distribution of the disease How the disease spread

Explain divisions of the angiosperms, Q. What are the two divisions of the ...

Q. What are the two divisions of the angiosperms? The angiosperms are divided into dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous.

AMOEBA, mORPHOLOGY OF AMOEBA AND ITS ADAPTATIONS

mORPHOLOGY OF AMOEBA AND ITS ADAPTATIONS

What are the physio-chemical properties of vitreous, What are the physio-ch...

What are the physio-chemical properties of vitreous? PHYSIO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF VITREOUS: Vitreous is a clear gel like optically empty structure. Its physio-chemical prop

Is protein collagen has a high proportion of glycine, The protein collagen ...

The protein collagen has a high proportion (20% or more) of A. asparagine and glutamine B. proline and hydroxyproline C. glycine D. both A and B E. both A and C F

Newton, meaning of the law of inertia

meaning of the law of inertia

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd