Bovine parainfluenza, Biology

Assignment Help:

Bovine parainfluenza


This virus belongs to the genus Respirovirus in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae of family Paramyxoviridae. It causes respiratory syndrome in cattle and sheep affecting large number of animals especially in intensive breeding units. In young animals, the disease is marked by fever, lachrymation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. Affliction of the respiratory system by this virus predisposes to secondary bacterial invasion, especially by Pasteurella haemolytica. The disease is also known as 'shipping fever'.


Clinical signs:
There is lacrimation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. The animals may recover in 3-4 days, or may develop secondary bacterial infection with purulent nasal discharge.


Diagnosis: The disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs subject to the laboratory confirmation by haemagglutination inhibition, immuno- fluorescence and cell culture virus neutralization tests. Virus can be recovered from the nasal discharge for 7 to 9 days after infection and isolated in bovine cell cultures. For a sero-survey, paired serum samples are collected and processed for detecting antibodies. A 4-fold rise in antibody titre is suggestive of recent infection.


Prevention and control: Several attenuated virus vaccines are able to induce protective mucosal IgA antibodies. Combined vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotrachitis, bovine adenovirus and bovine viral diahorrea have been used abroad


Related Discussions:- Bovine parainfluenza

Respiration, difference between anaerobic respiration and fermentation

difference between anaerobic respiration and fermentation

Phylem porifera, please give us this phylem''s example...

please give us this phylem''s example...

The digestive system, fat digestion requires two steps, what are the steps ...

fat digestion requires two steps, what are the steps and what enzymes are use to accomplish

Mycotic diseases-sheep, Goat and sheep M. mycoides subsp. capri is the...

Goat and sheep M. mycoides subsp. capri is the cause of caprine pleuropneumonia, a serious malady of goats. The disease is prevalent in certain parts of this country. The mort

Distinguish between the terms pesticide and insecticide, Distinguish among ...

Distinguish among the terms 'pesticide', 'insecticide' and 'herbicide.   A pesticide is a compound which destroys or controls any organism which is considered to be harmful

Water absorption in digestive system of mammals and bird, Q. Compared to ma...

Q. Compared to mammals do birds absorb more or less water in their digestive system? Why is this phenomenon an adaptation to flight? Bird feces are more liquid than mammal a fe

Important herbaria, Q. Important Herbaria? The herbarium is a place whe...

Q. Important Herbaria? The herbarium is a place where dried and mounted specimens are stored according to any recognised system of classification. Special attention is paid tow

Preadmission preparation - nursing, Preadmission Preparation   Preadmi...

Preadmission Preparation   Preadmission preparation is most effective when the admission is planned and there is enough time for the nurse to provide necessary information to

Hassan, function of epithelial tissue

function of epithelial tissue

Explain total anomalous pulmonary, Explain Total Anomalous pulmonary Venous...

Explain Total Anomalous pulmonary Venous Connection (TAPVC) ? In this congenital anomaly there is no direct communication between the pulmonary veins and the left atrium. All

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd