Bovine parainfluenza, Biology

Assignment Help:

Bovine parainfluenza


This virus belongs to the genus Respirovirus in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae of family Paramyxoviridae. It causes respiratory syndrome in cattle and sheep affecting large number of animals especially in intensive breeding units. In young animals, the disease is marked by fever, lachrymation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. Affliction of the respiratory system by this virus predisposes to secondary bacterial invasion, especially by Pasteurella haemolytica. The disease is also known as 'shipping fever'.


Clinical signs:
There is lacrimation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. The animals may recover in 3-4 days, or may develop secondary bacterial infection with purulent nasal discharge.


Diagnosis: The disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs subject to the laboratory confirmation by haemagglutination inhibition, immuno- fluorescence and cell culture virus neutralization tests. Virus can be recovered from the nasal discharge for 7 to 9 days after infection and isolated in bovine cell cultures. For a sero-survey, paired serum samples are collected and processed for detecting antibodies. A 4-fold rise in antibody titre is suggestive of recent infection.


Prevention and control: Several attenuated virus vaccines are able to induce protective mucosal IgA antibodies. Combined vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotrachitis, bovine adenovirus and bovine viral diahorrea have been used abroad


Related Discussions:- Bovine parainfluenza

Animal kingdom, classification of phylum protozoa upto groups

classification of phylum protozoa upto groups

Define importance of nutrition in human body, Define Importance of Nutritio...

Define Importance of Nutrition in Human Body? Nutrition is increasingly being recognized as an important determinant, which modulates the biological process of ageing. Poor nut

What is working of mouth in human body, What is Working of Mouth in human b...

What is Working of Mouth in human body? Food enters the digestive system through the mouth, where it is processed by the teeth and mixed with saliva, prior to being swallowed.

Prevention of accidents - accidents and losses, Prevention of Accidents - A...

Prevention of Accidents - Accidents and Losses The theories of accident causation explained earlier serve as good guide to prevent accident. The factors that may cause acciden

Tail - structure of the sperm, Tail - Structure of the Sperm The tail ...

Tail - Structure of the Sperm The tail or flagellum is the longest part of the sperm. By its movement it causes the sperm to swim with the head forward. It consists of a thin

How can we assess the nutritional status of a chd infant, How can we assess...

How can we assess the nutritional status of a CHD infant? Various assessment methods can be used, particularly anthropometrical -weight, length (height), head circumference and

What are the main bryophyte groups, What are the main bryophyte groups? ...

What are the main bryophyte groups? The main bryophyte groups are the mosses, the liverworts and the hornworts. Image Diversity: mosses liverworts hornworts

Explain difference between monosaccharides and disaccharides, What is the d...

What is the difference between monosaccharides and disaccharides? What are some examples of disaccharides and of monosaccharides that form them? Monosaccharides are simple mole

Emergence of contemporary biology, EMERGENC E OF CONTEMPORARY BIOLOGY - ...

EMERGENC E OF CONTEMPORARY BIOLOGY - 1 .       Aristotle (384-322BC) - Greek Classified animal species and arranged them in hierarchies. Formulated 'Great chain of

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd