Bovine parainfluenza, Biology

Assignment Help:

Bovine parainfluenza


This virus belongs to the genus Respirovirus in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae of family Paramyxoviridae. It causes respiratory syndrome in cattle and sheep affecting large number of animals especially in intensive breeding units. In young animals, the disease is marked by fever, lachrymation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. Affliction of the respiratory system by this virus predisposes to secondary bacterial invasion, especially by Pasteurella haemolytica. The disease is also known as 'shipping fever'.


Clinical signs:
There is lacrimation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. The animals may recover in 3-4 days, or may develop secondary bacterial infection with purulent nasal discharge.


Diagnosis: The disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs subject to the laboratory confirmation by haemagglutination inhibition, immuno- fluorescence and cell culture virus neutralization tests. Virus can be recovered from the nasal discharge for 7 to 9 days after infection and isolated in bovine cell cultures. For a sero-survey, paired serum samples are collected and processed for detecting antibodies. A 4-fold rise in antibody titre is suggestive of recent infection.


Prevention and control: Several attenuated virus vaccines are able to induce protective mucosal IgA antibodies. Combined vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotrachitis, bovine adenovirus and bovine viral diahorrea have been used abroad


Related Discussions:- Bovine parainfluenza

Explain pea plants in genetics, Explain pea plants in genetics? Pea Pl...

Explain pea plants in genetics? Pea Plants :   In pea plants, sperm are located in the pollen grains produced by the anthers of the flower. Eggs are formed in ovules, structur

Explain vitamins requirement during thyphoid, Explain Vitamins requirement ...

Explain Vitamins requirement during thyphoid Vitamins : Vitamins which need to be emphasized include B complex, considering the increase  in  the energy requirement and a decr

Pasteurellosis, Pasteurellosis Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) Synonym  ...

Pasteurellosis Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) Synonym    :    Gal Ghotu Causative organism B:2                              :    Pasteurella multocida Serotype Haemorrhage sept

Endocrine glands of an insect, ENDOCRINE GLANDS OF AN INSECT - The endo...

ENDOCRINE GLANDS OF AN INSECT - The endocrine glands of cockroach are as follows. 1.       Intercerebral gland cells. These cells lie in the brain. They secrete brain horm

Replication of chromatin, Whenever a chromosome is replicated the replicati...

Whenever a chromosome is replicated the replication machinery passes by the nucleosomes without deleting the histones from the DNA. How this happens is since not fully understood.

What are the main structures within the cell nucleus, What are the main str...

What are the main structures within the cell nucleus? Within the cell nucleus the major structures are: the nucleolus, an optically dense region, spherical shaped, where there

What is the other name given to sex chromosomes, What is the other name giv...

What is the other name given to sex chromosomes? What is the function of sex chromosomes? Sex chromosomes are also known as allosomes (the other chromosomes that are not sex ch

Advances in mineral and vitamin nutrition of livestock, Advances in Mineral...

Advances in Mineral and Vitamin Nutrition of Livestock Even though, minerals and vitamins as nutrients are as essential as energy and protein, general negligence occurs primari

What is diffusion, What is diffusion? Diffusion is the spreading of sub...

What is diffusion? Diffusion is the spreading of substance molecules from a region where the substance is more concentrated to another region where it is less concentrated. For

What is the difference among sexual spores and gametes, What is the differe...

What is the difference among sexual spores and gametes? Do humans present sexual spores or gametes? Sexual spores are structures formed from meiosis with ploidy (number of chro

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd