Bovine parainfluenza, Biology

Assignment Help:

Bovine parainfluenza


This virus belongs to the genus Respirovirus in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae of family Paramyxoviridae. It causes respiratory syndrome in cattle and sheep affecting large number of animals especially in intensive breeding units. In young animals, the disease is marked by fever, lachrymation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. Affliction of the respiratory system by this virus predisposes to secondary bacterial invasion, especially by Pasteurella haemolytica. The disease is also known as 'shipping fever'.


Clinical signs:
There is lacrimation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. The animals may recover in 3-4 days, or may develop secondary bacterial infection with purulent nasal discharge.


Diagnosis: The disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs subject to the laboratory confirmation by haemagglutination inhibition, immuno- fluorescence and cell culture virus neutralization tests. Virus can be recovered from the nasal discharge for 7 to 9 days after infection and isolated in bovine cell cultures. For a sero-survey, paired serum samples are collected and processed for detecting antibodies. A 4-fold rise in antibody titre is suggestive of recent infection.


Prevention and control: Several attenuated virus vaccines are able to induce protective mucosal IgA antibodies. Combined vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotrachitis, bovine adenovirus and bovine viral diahorrea have been used abroad


Related Discussions:- Bovine parainfluenza

Define protein requirement during tuberculosis, Define Protein requirement ...

Define Protein requirement during tuberculosis Protein : Achronic infection  is marked by a prolonged duration of fever. This leads to wasting of muscles, increased nitrogen

Define drug effects on food intake - causes taste changes, Define drug effe...

Define drug effects on food intake - Causes Taste Changes? Several drugs can cause an alteration in taste sensation, reduced acuity of taste sensation or leave an unpleasant af

Define free solution or moving boundary method, Define Free Solution or Mov...

Define Free Solution or Moving Boundary Method? The first electrophoresis technique used in the study of protein was free solution or moving boundary method devised by Tselius

What do you understand by hiatus hernia, Q. What do you understand by Hiatu...

Q. What do you understand by Hiatus Hernia? Several long/short term complications may arise due to GERD which may in turn increase the frequency or severity of this disease. On

What is a community, What is a community? What is the difference between th...

What is a community? What is the difference between the concepts of community and population? A community is a set of populations of living beings that live in the similar regi

Define ergogenic and for training and competition, Define Ergogenic and for...

Define Ergogenic and for training and competition? There is always our desire to work with the body more .than its capability. This is more so in case of athletes. They wish to

Describe the dinosaurs in multimedia tutorials, Describe the Dinosaurs in m...

Describe the Dinosaurs in multimedia Tutorials? Travel back to a time when dinosaurs ruled the earth. Learn about the different types of dinosaurs and practice building your ow

Adaptatin, what are the adaptations of amoeba

what are the adaptations of amoeba

Explain the food applications of guar, Explain the Food Applications of gua...

Explain the Food Applications of guar Guar imparts smoothness to ice cream by promoting small ice crystals during the freezing process. Guar gum in the dressing of cot

Variety of locomotion, Variety of Locomotion A number of animals are s...

Variety of Locomotion A number of animals are sendentary, remaining attached to some substratum. These animals may move parts of their body but this does not result in the mov

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd