Botulism, Biology

Assignment Help:

Botulism

It is a toxicity in chickens, turkeys, ducks and other aquatic birds caused by a bacterial toxin produced by anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum mainly types A and C. The toxin produced in decaying carcass and plant waste is consumed by the birds or the birds infected with Cl. botulinum may produce it in the cecum. Morbidity is usually low but mortality is high.

Symptoms and lesions: The birds show nervous signs, progressive flaccid paralysis of legs and wings before death or in peracute cases, sudden death. When neck muscles are affected, the head hangs limp, thus causing a condition referred to as limberneck. Affected birds may have a peculiar trembling, loose feathers that are pulled out easily and dull partly closed eyes. In most of the cases, there are no PM lesions. In others, severe enteritis may be seen.

Diagnosis: Clinical history and signs may be adequate to diagnose the condition. For confirmation, biological test is done in mice. The supernatant of the centrifuged intestinal contents (particularly from cecae) of the dead bird, membrane filtered and inoculated into mice will kill them quickly.

Prevention and control: Biosecurity is the best way of prevention. Preventing access to toxin, suspect food and stagnant ponds, especially in hot weather is an adequate method.


Related Discussions:- Botulism

The excretion by the human kidney, The excretion by the human kidneys 1...

The excretion by the human kidneys 1. Descending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to water 2. Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO3 3. Nearly 99 p

The development of nutritionally enhanced crops, In what ways has biotechno...

In what ways has biotechnology changed agriculture in the United States? Select all that apply. the development of herbicide-resistant crops the disappearance of wild plant populat

Is there respiratory pigment in the annelid blood, Q. Is there respiratory ...

Q. Is there respiratory pigment in the annelid blood? The blood in beings of the phylum Annelida contains the respiratory pigment hemoglobin the same found in chordates and oth

What do you mean by blackcaps, Q. What do you mean by Blackcaps? Blackc...

Q. What do you mean by Blackcaps? Blackcaps are small songbirds found throughout Europe. A large population of blackcaps inhabits the forests of Germany. These blackcaps have t

What is ecology, What is Ecology? Ecology is the field of Biology that ...

What is Ecology? Ecology is the field of Biology that studies the relationship among living beings and among living beings and the environment.

Zoonoses disease-campylobacteriosis, Campylobacteriosis The genus Camp...

Campylobacteriosis The genus Campylobacter has been long associated with the cause of veterinary diseases under different names. It is only in the last 30 years that these org

Vertebrate limb, Vertebrate Limb Earlier we know that how a series of...

Vertebrate Limb Earlier we know that how a series of sequential and coordinated interactions between different cell groups and tissues carry about the construction of a compl

Why that property of water is important to life, Choose one property of wat...

Choose one property of water and explain why that property is important to life.

How have prokaryotic cells give origin to aerobic eukaryotic, How have prok...

How have prokaryotic cells given origin to aerobic eukaryotic cells and to photosynthetic aerobic eukaryotic cells? As per to the most accepted hypothesis aerobic eukaryotic ce

Which type of plant tissue is cork, Which type of plant tissue is cork? ...

Which type of plant tissue is cork? Cork, the material, for example, used to cap wine bottles, is extracted from the suber of a special oak known as cork oak.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd