Botulism, Biology

Assignment Help:

Botulism

It is a toxicity in chickens, turkeys, ducks and other aquatic birds caused by a bacterial toxin produced by anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum mainly types A and C. The toxin produced in decaying carcass and plant waste is consumed by the birds or the birds infected with Cl. botulinum may produce it in the cecum. Morbidity is usually low but mortality is high.

Symptoms and lesions: The birds show nervous signs, progressive flaccid paralysis of legs and wings before death or in peracute cases, sudden death. When neck muscles are affected, the head hangs limp, thus causing a condition referred to as limberneck. Affected birds may have a peculiar trembling, loose feathers that are pulled out easily and dull partly closed eyes. In most of the cases, there are no PM lesions. In others, severe enteritis may be seen.

Diagnosis: Clinical history and signs may be adequate to diagnose the condition. For confirmation, biological test is done in mice. The supernatant of the centrifuged intestinal contents (particularly from cecae) of the dead bird, membrane filtered and inoculated into mice will kill them quickly.

Prevention and control: Biosecurity is the best way of prevention. Preventing access to toxin, suspect food and stagnant ponds, especially in hot weather is an adequate method.


Related Discussions:- Botulism

Explain the surgical management for obesity, Explain the Surgical Managemen...

Explain the Surgical Management for Obesity? Surgical procedures are generally restricted for the morbidly obese persons. If an individual has a BMI of 40 or higher, or a BMI o

Name the organism included in symbiotic nitrogen fixation, Name the organis...

Name the organism included in symbiotic nitrogen fixation. What are the components needed for this pure? Determine their role. Differentiate among inbreeding and heterosis. The

Prokaryotic cell, whatis a prokaryotic cell? explain its structure and desc...

whatis a prokaryotic cell? explain its structure and description with images

Determine the uni-ocular movements, Determine the Uni-ocular movements ...

Determine the Uni-ocular movements Uni-ocular movements are the movements of  one eye  studied  at  a time. That means, when left  eye is  covered, then movements  of  uncovere

Define mobilization of bone calcium and phosphorous, Define Mobilization of...

Define Mobilization of bone calcium and phosphorous? It is now firmly established that vitamin D 3 is metabloized first in the liver to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 OH- D) (calcicl

What do you mean by dengue, Q. What is dengue? The Dengue, or dengue fe...

Q. What is dengue? The Dengue, or dengue fever, is an epidemic disease in some countries (for instance, in Brazil), and its most dangerous form is hemorrhagic dengue. It is cau

What are the main harms caused by vitamin a deficiency, What are the main h...

What are the main harms caused by vitamin A deficiency? How does this vitamin act in the physiology of vision? Deficiency of vitamin A (retinol) might be cause night blindness

Implementation of the plan in diabetes mellitus, Q. Implementation of the P...

Q. Implementation of the Plan in diabetes mellitus? You have helped the client to find out an alternative solution and to develop a plan to solve the problem. Now, it has to be

Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient disease of ...

Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient disease of man, animals and birds. It is an infectious disease, characterized by slow development of tubercles in almost any organ

What do digestive enzymes do to food, What do digestive enzymes do to food?...

What do digestive enzymes do to food? Digestive enzymes suspend food; make food soluble, break large insoluble food molecules into smaller, soluble molecules

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd