Botulism, Biology

Assignment Help:

Botulism

It is a toxicity in chickens, turkeys, ducks and other aquatic birds caused by a bacterial toxin produced by anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum mainly types A and C. The toxin produced in decaying carcass and plant waste is consumed by the birds or the birds infected with Cl. botulinum may produce it in the cecum. Morbidity is usually low but mortality is high.

Symptoms and lesions: The birds show nervous signs, progressive flaccid paralysis of legs and wings before death or in peracute cases, sudden death. When neck muscles are affected, the head hangs limp, thus causing a condition referred to as limberneck. Affected birds may have a peculiar trembling, loose feathers that are pulled out easily and dull partly closed eyes. In most of the cases, there are no PM lesions. In others, severe enteritis may be seen.

Diagnosis: Clinical history and signs may be adequate to diagnose the condition. For confirmation, biological test is done in mice. The supernatant of the centrifuged intestinal contents (particularly from cecae) of the dead bird, membrane filtered and inoculated into mice will kill them quickly.

Prevention and control: Biosecurity is the best way of prevention. Preventing access to toxin, suspect food and stagnant ponds, especially in hot weather is an adequate method.


Related Discussions:- Botulism

Evolution of the cell, EVOLUTION OF THE CELL All the living organisms a...

EVOLUTION OF THE CELL All the living organisms are made up of cells. A living cell may be defined as a compartment enclosed by a membrane that consists of several chemical cons

Explain photosynthetic prokaryotes and mitochondria, What evidence strength...

What evidence strengthens the hypothesis that chloroplasts could have been photosynthetic prokaryotes and mitochondria could have been aerobic prokaryotes? In fact that the chl

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS, Ask questionLIMITATION OF ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS #Minimu...

Ask questionLIMITATION OF ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS #Minimum 100 words accepted#

What is a homologue, Single chromosome of a pair is known as homologue.In H...

Single chromosome of a pair is known as homologue.In Homologous pair two identical chromosomes are there. Each one chromosome in a Homologous pair is known as Homologue.

0smosis, what is the difination of osmosis

what is the difination of osmosis

Explain methods used for estimation of vitamin c, Explain Methods Used For ...

Explain Methods Used For Estimation of Vitamin C? The most commonly used methods to determine ascorbic acid in foods are: 1. Titrimetric methods - The 2, 6 dichlorophenol in

Tissue, Why lymph is called the middle man of our body?

Why lymph is called the middle man of our body?

General principles in treatmemt of heart failure, The goals of treating hea...

The goals of treating heart failure are relief of symptoms, improvement in   exercise tolerance, and reduction in the number of hospitalizations, decreasing morbidity and mortality

Explain about the vitamin d, Explain about the Vitamin D? Vitamin D is ...

Explain about the Vitamin D? Vitamin D is a generic term and indicates a molecule of the general structure with  rings (A, B, C, D), as you may have noticed in Figure B. The ri

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd