Botulism, Biology

Assignment Help:

Botulism

It is a toxicity in chickens, turkeys, ducks and other aquatic birds caused by a bacterial toxin produced by anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum mainly types A and C. The toxin produced in decaying carcass and plant waste is consumed by the birds or the birds infected with Cl. botulinum may produce it in the cecum. Morbidity is usually low but mortality is high.

Symptoms and lesions: The birds show nervous signs, progressive flaccid paralysis of legs and wings before death or in peracute cases, sudden death. When neck muscles are affected, the head hangs limp, thus causing a condition referred to as limberneck. Affected birds may have a peculiar trembling, loose feathers that are pulled out easily and dull partly closed eyes. In most of the cases, there are no PM lesions. In others, severe enteritis may be seen.

Diagnosis: Clinical history and signs may be adequate to diagnose the condition. For confirmation, biological test is done in mice. The supernatant of the centrifuged intestinal contents (particularly from cecae) of the dead bird, membrane filtered and inoculated into mice will kill them quickly.

Prevention and control: Biosecurity is the best way of prevention. Preventing access to toxin, suspect food and stagnant ponds, especially in hot weather is an adequate method.


Related Discussions:- Botulism

Air pollutants - effects on plants, Air pollutants - Effects on plants ...

Air pollutants - Effects on plants Particulate matter such as cement, coal, petro coke, dust, and fly-ash screen the light and thus change its quantity and quality. Dust plug

Explain about the kwashiorkor - protein energy malnutrition, Explain about ...

Explain about the Kwashiorkor - protein energy malnutrition? Kwashiorkor is an African word, meaning a "disease of the displaced child", who is deprived of adequate nutrition.

Imagine an animal that hast he system similar to abo blood, Imagine an anim...

Imagine an animal that has a system similar to ABO blood types in humans. The ABO part is the same. In addition, they have a second independent gene that creates a mimic A protein,

Microbiology, Applications of microbiology in different fields

Applications of microbiology in different fields

What is pancreatic lipase, What is Pancreatic lipase Pancreatic lipas...

What is Pancreatic lipase Pancreatic lipase  acts on  the dietary triacylglycerols after it has been incorporated into the mixed micelle  in  the  intestinal lumen. The lipa

What are the responsibilities of cber, Question 1: Explain how drug app...

Question 1: Explain how drug approval is obtained through various Regulatory Bodies in India using a flow diagram? List out the different regulatory bodies in India L

Colony collapse disorder in honey bees, Q. Colony collapse disorder in hone...

Q. Colony collapse disorder in honey bees? Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are social insects and live in colonies in hives. Honey bees were introduced from Europe to the USA to po

Different sources of infection, Different sources of infection: There a...

Different sources of infection: There are many sources of infection such as reservoirs, carrier organisms and lifeless objects. Reservoirs : A habitat where the disease cau

Locomotion in octopus, LOCOMOTIO N IN OCTOPUS - From the ends of arms ...

LOCOMOTIO N IN OCTOPUS - From the ends of arms or ex-current siphon water is throughn with speed, opposite to it animal moves.

Explain understanding the response of farmers, Explain Understanding the re...

Explain Understanding the response of farmers? Understanding the response of the farmers by the government also influences the food production. Government policy influences the

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd