Botulism, Biology

Assignment Help:

Botulism

It is a toxicity in chickens, turkeys, ducks and other aquatic birds caused by a bacterial toxin produced by anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum mainly types A and C. The toxin produced in decaying carcass and plant waste is consumed by the birds or the birds infected with Cl. botulinum may produce it in the cecum. Morbidity is usually low but mortality is high.

Symptoms and lesions: The birds show nervous signs, progressive flaccid paralysis of legs and wings before death or in peracute cases, sudden death. When neck muscles are affected, the head hangs limp, thus causing a condition referred to as limberneck. Affected birds may have a peculiar trembling, loose feathers that are pulled out easily and dull partly closed eyes. In most of the cases, there are no PM lesions. In others, severe enteritis may be seen.

Diagnosis: Clinical history and signs may be adequate to diagnose the condition. For confirmation, biological test is done in mice. The supernatant of the centrifuged intestinal contents (particularly from cecae) of the dead bird, membrane filtered and inoculated into mice will kill them quickly.

Prevention and control: Biosecurity is the best way of prevention. Preventing access to toxin, suspect food and stagnant ponds, especially in hot weather is an adequate method.


Related Discussions:- Botulism

Salivary analyse works on foods, Explain how salivary amylase works on food...

Explain how salivary amylase works on foods like crackers

What is stenotic and regurgitant lesions, Q. What is Stenotic and regurgita...

Q. What is Stenotic and regurgitant lesions? The normal cardiac valves offer little resistance to blood flow even when flow velocity is high. When stenosis develops, the valve

What is the average incubation period of chagas disease, Q. What is the ave...

Q. What is the average incubation period of Chagas' disease? What are some signs and symptoms of the acute phase of Chagas' disease? The Chagas' disease may or may not present

ZOOLOGY, POLYMORPHISM IN COLENTRATAtion..

POLYMORPHISM IN COLENTRATAtion..

What is the characteristic of cardiac muscle, What are the characteristics ...

What are the characteristics of cardiac muscle that allow it to be highly resistant to fatifue?

Echocardiography, Both global and regional systolic function are to be chec...

Both global and regional systolic function are to be checked. Global measures include ejection fraction, stroke volume, end systolic volume. (For measurement of systolic function u

Galvanotaxis - modes of cell movement, Galvanotaxis - Modes of Cell Movemen...

Galvanotaxis - Modes of Cell Movement Galvanotaxis considers to the movement of cells in response to a potential variation between cells. It is suggested that there are voltag

Pathophysiology of valvular heart diseases, Pathophysiology   Large hae...

Pathophysiology   Large haemorrhages and fibrinous lesions vegetate along the inflaked edges of valves. The lesions develop on adjacent valve leaflets so that the edges adh

Synthesis of polyamine, Synthesis of Polyamine As the name of this cla...

Synthesis of Polyamine As the name of this class of compounds suggests, polyamines have several amino groups replacing hydrogen usually in alkyl chain e.g., putrescine is 1, 4

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd