Botulism, Biology

Assignment Help:

Botulism

It is a toxicity in chickens, turkeys, ducks and other aquatic birds caused by a bacterial toxin produced by anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum mainly types A and C. The toxin produced in decaying carcass and plant waste is consumed by the birds or the birds infected with Cl. botulinum may produce it in the cecum. Morbidity is usually low but mortality is high.

Symptoms and lesions: The birds show nervous signs, progressive flaccid paralysis of legs and wings before death or in peracute cases, sudden death. When neck muscles are affected, the head hangs limp, thus causing a condition referred to as limberneck. Affected birds may have a peculiar trembling, loose feathers that are pulled out easily and dull partly closed eyes. In most of the cases, there are no PM lesions. In others, severe enteritis may be seen.

Diagnosis: Clinical history and signs may be adequate to diagnose the condition. For confirmation, biological test is done in mice. The supernatant of the centrifuged intestinal contents (particularly from cecae) of the dead bird, membrane filtered and inoculated into mice will kill them quickly.

Prevention and control: Biosecurity is the best way of prevention. Preventing access to toxin, suspect food and stagnant ponds, especially in hot weather is an adequate method.


Related Discussions:- Botulism

Hypertensive emergencies, Hypertensive emergencies should be treated within...

Hypertensive emergencies should be treated within one hour. Hypertensive urgencies may be treated more slowly. The term accelerated malignant hypertension is used when retinal haem

Skeletal system - sternum, STERNU M - It is long, naroow, flat vertica...

STERNU M - It is long, naroow, flat vertical bone in the middle of the front wall of the chest. 15 cms long. It is dagger shaped having manubrium body & xiphoid process.

Energy can be created from nothing, Which of the following is true of energ...

Which of the following is true of energy? a. It can be transferred from one form to another with 100 percent efficiency. b. It can be created from nothing. c. It can be stored i

Off pump coronary artery bypass surgery opcab, Application :  Off Pump...

Application :  Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery (OPCAB) CABG is done on epicai-dial vessels. Cardio pulmonary by pass is used only to get a still h

Define the starch gel electrophoresis, Define the Starch gel electrophoresi...

Define the Starch gel electrophoresis? Starch gel has the advantage of fine texture and absence of protein adsorption with a molecular sieving effect retarding proteins of larg

#fbiodiversitytitle.., Alimitation of five kingdom classification sk questi...

Alimitation of five kingdom classification sk question #Minimum 100 words accepted#

Microbodies, Microbodies Peroxisomes and glyoxysomes are microbodies fo...

Microbodies Peroxisomes and glyoxysomes are microbodies formed from ER which superficially resemble the lysosomes. Peroxisomes are spherical bodies limited by a single membrane

test the hypothesis , A classic study of extrasensory perception tests the...

A classic study of extrasensory perception tests the ability of one person to read another's mind. The test uses five cards with different designs, all known to both participants.

Determine the effect of drug on the blood pressure of rats, A scientist wan...

A scientist wanted to study the effect of a drug on the blood pressure of rats. She set up an experiment in which the experimental group consisted of rats that were injected with a

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd