Botulism, Biology

Assignment Help:

Botulism

It is a toxicity in chickens, turkeys, ducks and other aquatic birds caused by a bacterial toxin produced by anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum mainly types A and C. The toxin produced in decaying carcass and plant waste is consumed by the birds or the birds infected with Cl. botulinum may produce it in the cecum. Morbidity is usually low but mortality is high.

Symptoms and lesions: The birds show nervous signs, progressive flaccid paralysis of legs and wings before death or in peracute cases, sudden death. When neck muscles are affected, the head hangs limp, thus causing a condition referred to as limberneck. Affected birds may have a peculiar trembling, loose feathers that are pulled out easily and dull partly closed eyes. In most of the cases, there are no PM lesions. In others, severe enteritis may be seen.

Diagnosis: Clinical history and signs may be adequate to diagnose the condition. For confirmation, biological test is done in mice. The supernatant of the centrifuged intestinal contents (particularly from cecae) of the dead bird, membrane filtered and inoculated into mice will kill them quickly.

Prevention and control: Biosecurity is the best way of prevention. Preventing access to toxin, suspect food and stagnant ponds, especially in hot weather is an adequate method.


Related Discussions:- Botulism

Explain adverse effects of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, Adverse effects o...

Adverse effects of Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate  The most common adverse effects have been nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Renal failure, including a Fanconi-like syndrome, has

Tisues, digram or mammalian testis

digram or mammalian testis

Explain the stages in taxonomic procedures - gamma taxonomy, Explain the st...

Explain the stages in taxonomic procedures - Gamma Taxonomy This phase of taxonomy is also called biological taxonomy and is concerned with the study of speciation. It is inclu

Demonstration of tremendous diversity, Q. Demonstration of tremendous diver...

Q. Demonstration of tremendous diversity? A objective of taxonomy is the assemblage of knowledge gained. This is usually in the form of treatises useful to fellow scientists an

State the objectives of neuropsychological assessment, State the goals of N...

State the goals of Neuropsychological assessment Neuropsychological assessment therefore has twin goals. i) The first goal is to recognize the disrupted psychological compo

Corelation of st depressoin with coronary angiography, Q. Corelation of ST ...

Q. Corelation of ST Depressoin with Coronary Angiography? Various investigators considered 1 mm of horizontal or downsloping ST depression to denote a positive test and used fr

Genetic, what is tay-sachs diseases in human beings as mendal incomplete do...

what is tay-sachs diseases in human beings as mendal incomplete dominance f2 genration

Define the control of tear production, Define the control of tear productio...

Define the control of tear production. Control of Tear Production The lacrimal secretary system was initially thought to be comprised of two parts, basic secretors and r

Ms j, what direct or indirect effect is " acid rain" thought to have on (I)...

what direct or indirect effect is " acid rain" thought to have on (I) lakes, (ii) forests and (iii) buildings

Benzene and ether non-polar or polar substances, Q. Are organic solvents li...

Q. Are organic solvents like benzene and ether non-polar or polar substances? the ethers and Benzene are molecules without electrically charged portions and thus they are non-p

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd