Botulism, Biology

Assignment Help:

Botulism

It is a toxicity in chickens, turkeys, ducks and other aquatic birds caused by a bacterial toxin produced by anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum mainly types A and C. The toxin produced in decaying carcass and plant waste is consumed by the birds or the birds infected with Cl. botulinum may produce it in the cecum. Morbidity is usually low but mortality is high.

Symptoms and lesions: The birds show nervous signs, progressive flaccid paralysis of legs and wings before death or in peracute cases, sudden death. When neck muscles are affected, the head hangs limp, thus causing a condition referred to as limberneck. Affected birds may have a peculiar trembling, loose feathers that are pulled out easily and dull partly closed eyes. In most of the cases, there are no PM lesions. In others, severe enteritis may be seen.

Diagnosis: Clinical history and signs may be adequate to diagnose the condition. For confirmation, biological test is done in mice. The supernatant of the centrifuged intestinal contents (particularly from cecae) of the dead bird, membrane filtered and inoculated into mice will kill them quickly.

Prevention and control: Biosecurity is the best way of prevention. Preventing access to toxin, suspect food and stagnant ponds, especially in hot weather is an adequate method.


Related Discussions:- Botulism

Leishmaniasis, Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis is a group of disease cause...

Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis is a group of disease caused by protozoa of the group Leishmania, and are transmitted to man by the bite of female sandfly (Phlebotomus). Three typ

Cancer lung, Cancer Lung Incidence of cancer lung is more in persons ...

Cancer Lung Incidence of cancer lung is more in persons who smoke. Environmental and industrial pollution is also a risk factor in the increase in incidence. Clinic

Explain cultivation of microorganisms, Explain Cultivation of microorganism...

Explain Cultivation of microorganisms It is for  the production of food colourants has attractions, these must be measured against the financial legislative and user constraint

What is muscular dystrophy, What is Muscular dystrophy Muscular dystro...

What is Muscular dystrophy Muscular dystrophy :- Defects in the muscle due to faulty nutrition.

Explain the appearance of the pupil, Explain the Appearance of the Pupil ...

Explain the Appearance of the Pupil The pupil should appear round and regular. The normal diameter  is  2-4 mm. On stimulation by  light,  the pupil  constricts, so as  to redu

Define the foam mat drying method, Define the Foam Mat Drying Method? T...

Define the Foam Mat Drying Method? This process is a development of the vacuum puffing but, instead of employing a vacuum to foam the material, it is initially foamed by suitab

Atp molecules produced for each glucose molecule, Q. How many ATP molecules...

Q. How many ATP molecules are produced for every glucose molecule used in fermentation? And How many ATP molecules are produced for each glucose molecule used in aerobic respiratio

Define the symptoms of yersinia enterolytica infection, Normal 0 ...

Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Define the Symptoms

Explain about the biosensors and caramelization, Explain about the Biosenso...

Explain about the Biosensors and Caramelization? Biosensors:  A device that utilizes biological materials to monitor the presence of several chemicals in a substance. Carame

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd