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Chelating agents
Oxalates: Only a few plants contain sufficient amounts of sodium and potassium oxalate to be considered toxic. Moreover, ruminants that consume these plants develop increasing amounts of tolerance to oxalate. An oxalate degrading anaerobe microorganism has been isolated from pure culture of rumen bacteria. This organism, Oxalobacter formigens, uses oxalate as a sole energy source and produces carbon dioxide and formate as end products. Studies in animals and human volunteers have indicated that, when administered therapeutically, O. formigenes can establish in the gut and reduce the urinary oxalate concentration following an oxalate load, hence reducing the likely incidence of calcium oxalate kidney stone formation. The findings to date suggest that anaerobic, colonic bacteria such as O. formigenes, that are able to degrade toxic compounds in the gut, may, in future, find application for therapeutic use, with substantial benefit for human health and well-being.
Nitrates: Forage plants and water are common sources of high levels of nitrates.Some of the causes of abnormal accumulation of nitrates in plants are: nitrogen fertilizaton, drought conditions and some herbicidal treatments. Although in the rumen nitrate is readily reduced to nitrite and then to ammonia, the consumption of plant materials with high levels of nitrate might lead to an acute intoxication. Nitrate reduction in the rumen competes with other essential metabolic reactions such as mathanogenesis, end-product formation, and microbial protein synthesis, and its toxicity reduces growth, causes Vitamin A deficiency, abortion, infertility, and goiter.
Bone Cells Bone cells may be divided into two broad classifications depending on whether they make bone or resorb it. Osteoblasts make bone, while Osteoclasts resorb or take aw
What are restriction enzymes? How do these enzymes participate in the recombinant DNA technology? The Restriction enzymes, or restriction endonucleases, are enzymes specialized
One way that the cortex has been parcellated is based on fine-grained anatomical differences in the composition of the cortical layers: their thickness and types of neurons that ar
Another type of soil for bacteria gardens Boil some rice or potatoes in a dish unless well cooked. Drain and save the water. Use the bouillon cube to the gelatin. Use th
DISORDER S OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX - ( i ) ADDISON'S DISEASE : This disease is caused by the deficiency of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids. Its symptoms include l
Stage 1 sleep: As an individual becomes drowsy, and enters stage 1, alpha wave decreases and theta waves appear. Theta waves with a frequency of about 6 to 8 cycles per second are
what is a proliferation
Determine Food Sources of Zinc? Zinc is normally associated with the protein and/or nucleic acid fraction of foods. Thus, foods high in proteins are good sources of zinc. Lean
FORMATION OF SOIL Evolution of Earth took place five to eight billion years ago when it was a red hot magma (molten rock). It took millions of years for the magma to cool down
Q. What are the main degenerative diseases of the nervous system? The major degenerative diseases of the nervous system are Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The
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