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We are use to using variables within C without thinking about where they are stored. Most variables are dynamic i.e. can change, therefore they are stored in Ram, unlike a program once developed is static i.e. doesn't change; this is often storage in EPROM or Rom. We can directly access the address where the variable is stored by means of the address operator '&' .This returns the address of the variable followed i.e.
printf("The address of var A is %lx and the contents of var A is %x",&a,a) This address is often fixed by the compiler and cannot be altered easily, very often we want initialize the address of a variable and vary it, C uses the concept of the pointer to handle this. A pointer is a variable which holds an address (This is in fact an address register on the 68Hc11 i.e. X, Y). We can explicitly load up the variable with any number (address which we like) and perform simple mathematical functions on it i.e. add, mul, sub etc. In order to declare the variable as a pointer we need to prefix it with a * in its declarations i.e.
int *point; char *point; float *point;
The type of pointer used describes the size of the data to be read i.e. a char pointer reads 7 bits of data , unsigned char 8 bits i.e. (some programmers use sizeof function to get actual machine size).
char * point == 7 bits unsigned char * point == 8 bits int * point == 15 bits unsigned int * point == 16 bits float * point == 31 bits unsigned float * point == 32 bits
FIXED PARTITIONING Using fixed partitioning we are able to allocate the memory Here we are dividing the memory into a few fixed partitions.Every partition may not be of the si
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Define the DosSleep(ms) Function used in the os/2 DosSleep() suspends the currently executing thread for some time interval specified in the ms parameter. If a value of 0 is
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Define deadlock prevention. Deadlock prevention is a set of process for ensuring that at least one of the four essential conditions like mutual exclusion, hold and wait, no pr
How could we implement locks? No matter how we choose to implement them, we must have some hardware support. One possibility for implementing locks on a uniprocessor machine is is
Q. What are the three main activities of an operating system in regard to secondary-storage management? Answer: 1) Free-space management 2) Storage allocation 3) Disk
Compare 2 different operating systems.
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How can deadlocks be represented? Deadlocks are able to be described in terms of a directed graph called as a system resource-allocation graph. This graph contains of the foll
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