Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Table gives some halides and oxides of the 3d series elements, selected to show the range of stable oxidation states. These follow the similar trends as required in aqueous chemistry. Compounds early in the series form compounds up to the group oxidation state, as TiO2, CrO3 and VF5. With increasing group number the bigger oxidation states become increasingly hard to form, and may be found only with oxides and/or fluorides, and sometimes only in ternary but not binary compounds. As with VV we can build VF5 and V2O5 but not VCl5.
With MnVII the only binary element is Mn2O7 but this is much less stable than ternary permanganates such as KMnO4.
The stabilization of big oxidation states by F and O can be attributed at least partly to their small size, which produces the large lattice energies necessary according to the ionic model to compensate for ionization energies.
Additional lattice stabilization is requiring in ternary structures, as in compounds such as K2CoF6 and K2FeO4 where no binary compounds with the corresponding oxidation state are stable. It would be recognized that many of the elements in greater oxidation states are not very ionic, and arguments based on the high bond strengths formed by F and O to more electropositive elements can be more satisfactory than using the ionic model.
Low oxidation states are of limited stability for the early components. The unusual metal-rich compound Sc2Cl3 has a structure with extensive Sc-Sc bonds. Compounds such VOx as and TiOx are nonstoichiometric and are also stabilized by metal-metal bonding using d electrons. With Cu the +1 oxidation state is stable and reliable in elements such as CuCl and Cu2O, but CuF is not known, presumably because the bigger lattice energy of fluorides builds this unstable with respect to disproportionation to CuF2 and Cu. The differential stability of oxidation states with distinct halogens is also shown by the existence of CuI but not CuI2.
Atoms in the water molecule are linked by: (1) Electrovalent bond (2)Covalent bond (3) Coordinate covalent bond (4) Odd electron bond Ans: Cov
100 mol/hr pentane flows through an adiabatic heat exchanger where it is heated isobarically (at 2.5 bar) from 50°C to 250°C. The pentane is heated by contacting pipes filled with
how can you balance k+o2
I am trying to calculate alcoholic acidity
raoult''s law and its three forms
Q. Limitations of Hybrid orbitals? It gives no idea whether a particular metal ion would prefer to have any particular geometry say, an octahedral or tetrahedral with a giv
Nitro alkanes and alkyl nitries (preparation and properties)
Question 1 Write a short note on the following Photoelectric effect Transition Elements Hydrogen bonding Standard entropy Question 2 What are aromatic acids
Cast iron is iron or a ferrous alloy which has been heated until it liquefies, and is then poured into a mould to solidify. It is usually made from pig iron. The alloy constituents
compare the acidity between pyrole and pyrimidine
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +1-415-670-9521
Phone: +1-415-670-9521
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd