Reference no: EM133305024

Assignment:

1. Lacey began her employment career in waitressing and bartending. She then moved into in-home care, then in crisis management work. She worked in the non-profit field before ultimately becoming a teacher. This movement between professions and mobility between strata is allowed because of a(n) ____________ system of stratification. If Lacey had been born into a(n) _______________ system of stratification, mobility would not have been possible.

a. open; closed

b. horizontal; vertical

c. vertical; horizontal

2. Robert worked odds and ends jobs as a construction worked. He struggled to find steady work, and barely made enough money to support himself and his children. When he got married, his partner had a good paying job and helped him get on with a larger company that paid a good wage and offered benefits like retirement plans and health insurance. Robert went from living in poverty to a comfortable life in the middle class. Robert is an example of what type of mobility?

a. Intragenerational mobility

b. Horizontal mobility

c. Open mobility

3. Rose lives in a small apartment. She is single and has a cat. She has sufficient food, clothing, and shelter, but worries about what will happen if an unexpected bill comes up. For instance, she got sick last winter and had to purchase medications that cost roughly $110. Last winter she had the extra money to pay for the doctors' visits and medications, but this year was a lot harder on her financially. If she gets sick, she would not have time to take time off work (which would cost her income) or to pay for medications. This is an example of what kind of poverty?

a. Absolute poverty

b. Relative poverty

c. Feminization of poverty

4. How was the poverty line determined in the 1960s until just recently?

a. No idea. It's just magic.

b. The poverty line was calculated as being three times the cost of the USDA diet.

c. The U.S. government uses a complex measure that takes into account the actual costs of food, clothing, shelter, utilities, taxes, work expenses, and out-of-pocket medical costs.

5. What causes an "opportunity gap" (Putnam, 2015) between children in working-class and poor families compared to children in well-to-do families?

a. Lack of motivation to get off government assistance for those who benefit from welfare programs.

b. Well-to-do families are better at teaching their children to want to succeed than are poor families.

c. Segregation in neighborhoods, different levels of access to quality education, and homogamy.

6. Workers who recognize that the system is rigged against them and that they are being exploited for their labor have what Marx called _________________. Workers who focus on their individualistic viewpoint toward capitalistic exploitation are experiencing what Marx called _______________________.

a. false consciousness; class consciousness

b. class consciousness; false consciousness

c. proletariat; bourgeoisie