Reference no: EM13775518

Please note here if BTB or any of the other starting materials is other than a clear, colorless solution:

Table 1

In columns 2 and 3 record the color and intensity you see.

Well #	Substance	1Drop BTB	Add 1 Drop of Substance	Acid or Base?	Ionic? Y/N	Species Acting as Acid or Base
1	NaHCO3				Y	HCO3-
2	CH3COOH
3	HCL
4	Na2CO3
5	H2SO4
6	CH3COONa
7	NaOH
8	HNO3
9	NaHSO4
10	NH3
11	H3PO4
12	NaH2PO4
13	Na2HPO4
14	Na3PO4
15	NaHSO3

Table 2: Following Acid/Base neutralization reactions

Please note here if BPB or any of the other starting materials is other than a clear, colorless solution:

Well #	1 Drop of Each	Observation	+2 Drops Acid	Observation	+2 Drops Base	Observation
1	BPB + NaOH		HCl		NaOH
2	BPB + NaOH		H2SO4		NaOH
3	BPB + NaOH		CH3COOH		NaOH
4	BPB + NaOH		H3PO4		NaOH
5	BPB + Ca(OH)2		HCl		Ca(OH)2
6	BPB + Ca(OH)2		H2SO4		Ca(OH)2
7	BPB + Ca(OH)2		CH3COOH		Ca(OH)2
8	BPB + Ca(OH)2		H3PO4		Ca(OH)2
9	BPB + NH3		HCl		NH3
10	BPB + NH3		H2SO4		NH3
11	BPB + NH3		CH3COOH		NH3
12	BPB + NH3		H3PO4		NH3

Data Table 3: Investigating Odor as a Means of Indicating Neutralization.

Substance(s)	Odor
2 Drops of HCl in Well #1
1 Drop of Ammonia on Swab
Swab with Ammonia & HCl

Data Table 4:Investigating Evaporation as a Means of Indicating a Neutralization Reaction. 

Reaction Mixture	Observation (When Wet)	Observation (When Dry)
HCl + NaOH
CH3COOH + NH3
HNO3 + NaOH

1. Use BTB to classify four household products as acidic or basic.  Possible substances to test include home cleaning products, glass cleaner, liquid detergent, bleach, soft drinks, liquid from food items, etc.  Remember to:

1. State a hypothesis or purpose.
2. State the testing method.
3. Organize data in a concise table. 
4. Read the label for each product, and list in the data table what may be the acid or base in the product.
5. State conclusions in terms of the hypothesis or purpose.

2. Find one common, highly colored substance that can be used as an acid-base indicator.   Possible substances include fruit/vegetable juice or products, inks, food coloring, flower petals, etc.  If using fresh fruit, veggies, or flowers, crush the substance with a little water or rubbing alcohol to extract the colored pigments.  If red cabbage is available, it makes a superb acid-base indicator.  Then use a few drops of the colored extract as the indicator.  Test four more household products using the freshly made acid-base indicator.  Remember to:

1. State a hypothesis or purpose.
2. State the testing method.
3. Use the prepared indicator to test four substances known to be acids or bases from either the LabPaq or home materials and record results. 
4. State conclusions in terms of the hypothesis or purpose.

What is produced in each and every reaction of an acid with water and what is produced in each and every reaction of a base with water?