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What Functions Are Common to Most Database Management Systems? Database management systems (DBMSs) are available for many sizes and types of computers. Whether designed for a small or large computer, most DBMSs perform common functions. A data dictionary, sometimes called a repository, contains data about each fi le in the database and each field in those fi les. A DBMS offers several methods to retrieve and maintain data in the database, such as query languages, query by example, forms, and report generators. A query language consists of simple, English-like statements that allow users to specify the data to display, print, or store. Query by example (QBE) has a graphical user interface that assists users with retrieving data. A form, sometimes called a data entry form, is a window on the screen that provides areas for entering or modifying data in a database. A report generator, also called a report writer, allows users to design a report on the screen, retrieve data into the report design, and then display or print the report. To supply security, most DBMSs can identify different levels of access privileges that define the actions a specific user or group of users can perform for each fi eld in a database. If a database is damaged or destroyed, a DBMS provides techniques to return the database to a usable form. A backup is a copy of the database. A log is a listing of activities that modify the contents of the database. A recovery utility uses the logs and/or backups to restore the database using roll forward or rollback techniques. In a roll forward, also called forward recovery, the DBMS uses the log to reenter changes made to the database since the last save or backup. In a rollback, also called backward recovery, the DBMS uses the log to undo any changes made to the database during a certain period. Continuous backup is a backup plan in which all data is backed up whenever a change is made.
Steam enters an adiabatic turbine steadily at 3 MPa and 300 *C and leaves at 70 Kpa and 100 *C. If the power output of the turbine is 2 MW, determine a) the isentropic efficiency of the turbine and b) the mass flow rate of the steam flowing throug..
A vertical bar is known to have dimensions 100" by 1" by 4" priorto application of a load, to have elastic modulus equal to107 psi, and to have a Poisson's ratio equal to 0.3.Suppose the bar is built in at the bottom and a mass of unknownweight is mo..
Consider a highway section where traffic is stationary, all trucks travel at speed s and cars at speed v. If aerial surveillance revealed that trucks were a fraction p of the vehicles on a photograph
chromate waste is concentrated by evaporation in a series of shallow flow through reactor tanks connected by a short
A new rural by-pass has been proposed for a small town, with three possible routes under consideration. Using the data in the table below and the procedures in WebTAG (see the link below), undertake an economic appraisal of the proposal, comparing it..
John Adams has a $65,000 adjustable gross income from Apple Corp. and allowable itemized deductions of $7200. Mary Eve has a $75,000 adjustable gross income and $2000 of allowable itemized deductions.
A sample of natural glacial till was taken from below the groundwater table. The water content was found to be 52%. Estimate the wet density, dry density, buoyant density, porosity, and void ratio.
An investor buys 50 of these bonds at face value, and keeps them for the full 10 years. Compute the rate of return and express the answer to the nearest 0.01%.
A refrigerator uses refrigerant-134a as the working fluid and operates on an ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle between 0.12 and 0.7 MPa.
Two factories are manufacturing and supplying a single type of good to four warehouses. The factories can produce a1, and a2 units of the good each month, and the warehouses need b1, b2, b3, and b4 units each month
Assume the specific gravity is 2.7. Given this information, determine (a) the phase diagram of the soil, (b) the void ratio, (c) the porosity, (d) the dry density, and (e) the saturated density.
A single-scoop ice cream cone is a composite body made from a single scoop of ice cream placed into a cone. Assume that the scoop of ice cream is a sphere with radius = 3.36cm that is placed into a 9.90cm tall cone. The interior height of the cone is..
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