Reference no: EM133933408
Questions
1. What are the essential aminoacids? Why is it important that they be consumed?
2. What is the role of lipids in the body?
3. Describe the following deficiency diseases: scurvy, rikets, marasmus, beriberi, osteoporosis.
4. Your friend insists that a vegetarian diet is unhealthy because proteins found in plants are never complete. How do you respond?
5. Define the following terms:
a. starch
b. fructose
c. cholesterol
d. vitamins
e. minerals
f. phytochemicals
Chapter 11. Origins of Agriculture
1. How have the theories about the origin of agriculture changed in recent decades?
2. What crops were domesticated in the New World?
3. Describe an early agricultural community in the Near East.
4. Explain the success of foraging as a survival strategy fro early humans.
5. List the characteristics of domesticated plants.
6. Define: center of plant domestication; give examples.
Chapter 12. The Grasses
1. List the structural components of a cereal grain and the nutritional value of each part.
2. Trace the evolution of modern-day bread wheat from its wild ancestors.
3. Who was Barbara McClintock? What was her main contribution to plant science.
4. What is teocinte?
5. How is the cultivation of rice different from the cultivation of other crops?
What is the value of Azolla in the cultivation of rice?
6. What is triticale? What advantages does it have over wheat or rye?
7. Besides cereal crops, what are other important economic uses of grasses?
8. Describe the flower of a grass.
Chapter 13. Legumes
1. What is the role of nitrogen-fixing organisms in the nitrogen cycle? How do legumes fit in?
2. Why soybean is called the Cinderella crop?
3. What is the nutritional value of legumes?
4. Who was George Washington Carver? What he did?
5. Why are seeds the usual source of most plant oils?
6. Trace the history of the peanut from its South American origins to the present day.
7. Define the following terms:
a. pod
b. Rhizobium
c. favism
d. phytoestrogens
Chapter 14. Starchy Staples
1. Contrast the nutritional value of the starchy staples to that of cereals and legumes.
2. What is the connection between yams and birth control pills?
3. What has been the social impact of the white potato?
4. In what ways is the banana different from other starchy staples?
5. Describe some of the commercial uses of starch.
6. How can the presence of the sweet potato in both South America and Polynesia be explained?
7. Define the following terms:
a. tuber
b. rhizome
c. taproot
e. poi
Chapter 15. Feeding a Hungry World
1. What is a monoculture, and how has modern agriculture encouraged its spread? What are the dangers of monoculture? Cite examples of agricultural disasters that were the result of monocultural practices.
2. Who was Norman Borlaug? What was his contribution?
3. How might the practice of sustainable agriculture improve crop productivity?
4. What characteristics are important to consider in the search for alternative crops?
5. Describe the procedure to produce a transgeneic plant.
6. Why have some scientists considered the Green Revolution flawed?
7. What trait might you try to transfer to wheat if you were developing a transgenic wheat plant that could grow on soils poor in nitrogen? Explain why you have selected this trait.
7. Define the following terms:
a. seed bank
b. germplasm
c. genetic erosion
d. quinoa
e. genetic engineering
f. plasmid
g. Bt corn