Reference no: EM133834352

Assignment: Management Information Systems- Skill Building Activity

Textbook: Management Information Systems Kenneth C. Laudon; Jane P. Laudon)

Big Data and the Internet of Things Drive Precision Agriculture

By 2050, the world will be populated with an estimated 9 billion people, and in order to feed all of them, agricultural output will need to double. Information technology, in the form of the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless and mobile technologies, and automated data collection and analysis is likely to provide part of the solution to this problem.

Purdue University's College of Agriculture is one of the organizations leading the way toward more data-driven farming. The College has developed an agriculture-oriented network with advanced IoT sensors and devices that will allow researchers to study and improve plant growth and food production processes. According to Pat Smoker, director of Purdue Agriculture IT, in West Lafayette, Indiana, every process from farm to table has potential for improvement through better use of information technology.

Purdue College of Agriculture partnered with Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE) on a digital agriculture initiative. In fall 2016, the university began ¬installing an Internet of Things (IoT) network on its 1,408-acre research farm, the Agronomy Center for Research and Education (ACRE). The ¬system captures terabytes of data daily from sensors, cameras, and human inputs. To collect, aggregate, process, and transmit such large volumes of data back to Purdue's HPE supercomputer, the university is deploying a combination of wireless and edge computing technologies (see Chapters 5 and 7). They include solar-¬powered mobile Wi-Fi hotspots, an adaptive weather tower providing high-speed connectivity across the entire ACRE facility, and the PhenoRover, a ¬semi-¬automated mobile vehicle that roams throughout ACRE ¬research plots capturing real-time data from plant-based sensors. Purdue is also experimenting with drones for plant-growth data collection. ACRE researchers can enter data into a mobile device on-site and transmit them via the wireless network to an HPE data center for analysis.

Previously, Purdue's faculty had to figure out how to transmit data from the sensors back to the lab, and assign someone to write the software for analyzing the data. The new system is faster and responsive. For example, researchers using mobile devices in the field can transmit data about seed growth back to ACRE labs to analyze the impact of water levels, fertilizer quantities, and soil types. The labs can then communicate the results of their analysis back to the field to allow quick adjustments. Computerized instructions control how planting and spraying machines apply seed and nutrients to a field.

The Purdue project is an example of "precision agriculture," in which data collected and analyzed with digital tools drive decisions about fertilizer levels, planting depth, and irrigation requirements for small sections of fields or individual plants, and automated equipment can apply the ideal treatment for specific weeds.

Large agricultural companies like Monsanto and DuPont are big precision agriculture players, providing computerized data analysis and planting recommendations to farmers who use their seeds, fertilizers, and herbicides. The farmer provides data on his or her farm's field boundaries, historic crop yields, and soil conditions to these companies or another agricultural data analysis company, which analyzes the data along with other data it has collected about seed performance, weather conditions, and soil types in different areas. The company doing the data analysis then sends a computer file with recommendations back to the farmer, who uploads the data into computerized planting equipment and follows the recommendations as it plants fields. For example, the recommendations might tell an Iowa corn farmer to lower the number of seeds planted per acre or to plant more seeds per acre in specified portions of the field capable of growing more corn. The farmer might also receive advice on the exact type of seed to plant in different areas and how much fertilizer to apply. In addition to producing higher crop yields, farmers using fertilizer, water, and energy to run equipment more precisely are less wasteful, and this also promotes the health of the planet.

Task

A. What are the different types of decisions, and how does the decision-making process work?

B. How do information systems support the activities of managers and management decision-making?

C. What are some barriers or issues to Big Data?