Reference no: EM132283035
Virtue ethics that consider a person's moral character are referred to as _____ by many ethicists.
Action- based
Judgement- based
Agent- based
Standards- based
What does the libertarian philosophy espouse?
Human beings have the right to an orderly but liberal society
That human beings intrinsically crave liberty and cannot abide by rules
That freedom from human constraint is necessarily good
That all human constraints are evil
Many business analysts feel the best way to evaluate the ethics of a business decision is to analyze social costs and compare them to
Those affected by the decision
The cost of consequences
Social benefits
The greatest net benefits
Which type of rights are outcomes of a specific transaction between particular individuals?
Positive
Contractual
Moral
Utility
Which of the following is NOT true regarding moral rights?
They provide a basis for justifying one's actions
They generally override utilitarian standards
They are immune from all utilitarian considerations
A and C
According to social psychologist Marc Hauser, when someone purposely harms another person, it is morally worse than the same level of harm created as a side effect of a positive goal. Which of the principles for guiding moral judgment is being applied?
The contact principle
The paradigm principle
The intention principles
The action principle
The majority of moral decisions are made without thinking through the consequences; these decisions are made through the _____ processes.
Conscious
Ethical reasoning
Unconscious
Logical reasoning
Which of the following statements support the views of egalitarians in terms of equality?
All humans are equal and goods should be allocated in equal portions
There are differences among people that justify unequal treatment
If all cannot be served equally, those who are first, or senior, should be served first
Goods should be allocated based on need, ability, and effort
The idea that benefits should be distributed based on the value of contribution is a principle of which concept?
Socialism
Work ethic
Egalitarianism
Justice
Which of the following types of moral decision-making relies on past situations where there was a clear ethical response based on sound ethical reasoning?
Cultural
Casuistry
Intention
X- system
Which of the following should be the basis for moral judgment?
Limiting the moral rights of individuals in the workplace
Ensuring that distribution of benefits and burdens is based on status
Limiting the influence of relationships
Maximizing the net utility of actions
Which of the following best explains the idea of distributive justice?
Punishments and penalties should be given to all those who do wrong
The larges the injustice, the more compensation an injured party should receive
Equals should be treated as equals; those who are not equal should be treated differently
Punishment should be greater for those who intentionally do wrong
Which form of caring requires us to respond to a person's needs while remaining objective and distant from that person?
Caring after someone
Caring about something
Caring after ourselves
Caring for someone
Which of the following describes the duties others have to not interfere in certain activities of another person who is exercising a given right?
Contractual rights
Obligations
Negative rights
Duties
Which of the following is a moral demand in an ethic of care?
We should respond in a way that provides the most benefit to ourselves
We should respond positively to the needs and well- being of those who support our goals
We should respond in a way that furthers the goals of the majority
We should respond positively to the needs, values, and well- being of others
Which of the following best describes a valued disposition of a good human being, exhibited in the person's habitual behavior?
Moral virtue
Vice
Action- based focus
Utilitarianism
Which of the following best describes the utility of a course of action by a business?
The most objective benefits of an action
The level of acceptability of an action by society
The amount of compromise needed to produce an action
The combination of benefits and costs of an action
An ethic based on the fundamental value that relationships should be preserved and maintained is a _____ ethic.
Socialist
Retributive
Compensatory
Communitarian
A theory of _____ judges an action based on the moral life and what morality obliges us do in certain situations.
An ethic of virtues
An ethic of principles
Moral principles
Moral justice
Which of the following is based on the moral norms and principles that say all human beings are empowered to do something or have something done for them?
Human rights
Legal rights
Constitutional rights
Jurisdictional rights