Reference no: EM13538275

The giant hornet Vespa mandarinia japonica preys on Japanese bees. However, if one of the hornets attempts to invade a beehive, several hundred of the bees quickly form a compact ball around the hornet to stop it. They don't sting, bite, crush, or suffocate it. Rather they overheat it by quickly raising their body temperatures from the normal 35°C to 47°C or 48°C, which is lethal to the hornet but not to the bees (Fig. 18-43). Assume the following: 515 bees form a ball of radius R = 5.2 cm for a time t = 24 min, the primary loss of energy by the ball is by thermal radiation, the ball's surface has emissivity ? = 0.94, and the ball has a uniform temperature. On average, how much additional energy must each bee produce during the 24 min to maintain 47°C? The Stefan–Boltzmann constant is 5.6704 × 10-8 W/m2-K4.