Reference no: EM133193536

Short-Answer Questions

Question 1. The most accurate legal term for the form of product liability law that imposes liability on a manufacturer of goods for an injury to a consumer from the manufacturer's goods without regard to the manufacturer's fault (in other words, even if the manufacturer were absolutely, 100% careful in manufacturing the product) is

Question 2. A contract, created digitally when a consumer presses on "I agree" or "Accept" at the end of scrolled "Terms and Conditions", is considered legally binding, even though the consumer probably (definitely) did not read, understand, or specifically agree to those "Terms and Conditions."
A common legal term for this type of digital agreement is a(n)
- contract.

Question 3. Kim promised to sell Pete her older Windows 10 laptop computer for $400, once she had purchased her new Windows 11 laptop. Kim's performance of her contractual obligation to Pete is dependent on a condition, most specifically a

Question 4. The most accurate legal term for the remedy by which a Court orders parties to "unwind" their contract, "cancelling" the contract and putting the parties where they were before they made their agreement (i.e., status quo ante), including by ordering each party to return the consideration he/she/it has received from the other party, is

Question 5. The standard of performance that requires virtually perfect compliance with the terms of a contract is called Performance.

Question 6. The most accurate legal term for goods that fail to meet the standard(s) that the seller has promised to deliver under a contract is goods.

Question 7. A buyer's refusal to accept the goods delivered under a contract because those goods do not meet the standards called for by the contract is called a(n)
.
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SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS

Question 8. What is the most proper legal term for an offer that contains a promise to keep the offer open, made by a merchant, in a signed writing - an offer that must be kept open as promised and cannot be withdrawn, even if the person receiving the offer has not given the person making the offer any consideration?
[Merchant's]

Question 9. Under UCC Section 1-201(19) and as implied into all California contracts by state law, the duty defined as "honesty in fact in the conduct or transaction concerned" is (and fair dealing).

Question 10. Contract language which provides that failure to perform a contract obligation on time is a serious breach of the contract and may result in termination of the contract and/or liability for damages is
"
."

Question 11. Under a contract, when a party's performance is deficient in a major way, a way that interferes with the delivery of crucial items the party is expecting under the contract (i.e., when a breach of contract is serious and the non-breaching party is denied the benefit of his/her/its bargain), that type of breach is legally termed a(n)
Breach.

Question 12. The most proper legal term for damages for breach of contract agreed on by all of the contracting parties at the time of entering into their contract, set forth in a separate paragraph of their contract; stated in a large, bold-faced type font; and separately initialed by all of the parties is

Question 13. The most proper legal term for release of all further liability under a contract after a party's performance of its obligations or after being excused from them is

Question 14. A proper legal term for type of civil wrongs involving either intrusion on solitude, public disclosure of private facts, false light, or misappropriation of name or likeness (commercial exploitation) is

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SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS
Question 15. The most proper legal term for the civil wrong that involves complete confinement of another person for an appreciable time without that person's consent is

Question 16. The most proper legal term for the civil wrong that involves theft of goods/property belonging to someone else is

Question 17. The most proper legal term for the civil wrong that involves entering onto someone else's property/land without permission or remaining there after being asked to leave is

Question 18. The most proper legal term for the category of civil wrongs in business that involves trade disparagement/trade libel and "palming off"/"passing off" (including by using deceptively similar "trade dress") is

Question 19. What is the general legal term for crimes committed in and by businesses that, for the most part are non-violent, financial crimes? - crimes

Question 20. The most proper legal name for the very broadly worded and wide-ranging federal law that sets additional criminal and civil penalties for those engaging in a "pattern of racketeering activity" (i.e., a minimum of two business-related felonies, whether violent or non-violent, committed in the past 10 years) is the

Essay Questions

Points for this Question) -
To manufacture the 1,000 Super A prototypes, Atonal needed 1,000 DONUTs, which already were in short supply world-wide.

Fortunately, Kay was able to locate the 1,000 DONUTs (not in the U.S.; not in China; not in Korea (South or North), but in Uzbekistan) at the newly created UZBK Electronics. UZBK agreed to sell Atonal 1,000 DONUTs for $1,000 each, or a total purchase price of $1 Million ($1,000,000), well within Kay's budget.

Unfortunately for Kay, about two weeks before UZBK was to deliver the DONUTs to Atonal, UZBK received an order from Jeff Beezo's A2Z-Super-Duper-Looper Studios, buying out all of UZBK stock of DONUTs - over 10,000 units - at $2,000 per unit, for a total purchase price of over $20 Million ($20,000,000). At that price, why wouldn't UZBK sell all of its DONUTs to the "Big Beezo"?

Without these parts, as a direct result of UZBK's breach of its contract with Atonal, Atonal will be unable to bring the Super A prototypes to market, losing out on $25 Million ($25,000,000) in profits.
Assuming Atonal is entitled to a buyer's remedy under the UCC (specifically, under UCC Section 2-712), (1) i dentify the most
specific legal term for the type of money damages that Atonal would recover in a lawsuit against UZBK for the losses caused directly UZBK's breach of contract [HINT: You may answer this first part of this Question fully with just two words, the second of which is "damages."]; AND (2) state the specific amount of
money (based on the anticipated figures) Atonal would claim for these damages.

2. Kay was furious that UZBK had breached its contract with Atonal, but she had no time for anger. She had to concentrate on keeping Atonal from failing financially and closing forever. Luckily, Kay was able to locate parts that UZBK had agreed to supply from one other supplier ... but at a much higher cost.

So, without a choice, Atonal purchased 1,000 substitute DONUTs from Harmon-Electrical Engineering, Ltd. ("Harmon-E.E."), a British electronics parts firm, for a total of $15 Million ($15,000,000).

Atonal's necessary purchase of these substitute goods from another seller increased Atonal's costs by $14 Million ($14,000,000) over the $1 Million ($1,000,000) that UZBK had agreed to charge, lowering Atonal's anticipated $25 Million ($25,000,000) in profits from the sale of the Super A prototypes by the amount of the increased parts/manufacturing cost.

But, at least Kay had avoided a total loss - Atonal would still be able to manufacture and sell the Super A prototypes - thus minimizing the damage/loss from UZBK's breach of contract.
Because Atonal has been forced to buy substitute DONUTs from another supplier after UZBK's breach of contract, (1) identify the general legal term for the obligation to avoid, minimize, or
lessen damages that flow from another's breach of contract [HINT:
You may answer this part of this Question with only one to three
words.]; (2) identify the specific legal term the UCC buyer's
remedy of buying substitute goods, to try to avoid, minimize, or lessen damages [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question with only one word.]; AND (3) state a specific amount of money that Atonal now may claim for these damages, in Atonal's lawsuit against UZBK.

In addition to the substantial windfall in profits that UZBK received from its sale of the DONUTs to Beezo's company rather than to Atonal, UZBK had a "personal reason" for breaching its contract with Atonal. As it turned out, UZBK's CEA (Chief Executive A ... err, Administrator) Otto Tune -- now a bitter, discordant old man - had unsuccessfully tried to date Kay in graduate school and had been secretly plotting to ruin any business venture Kay might try.

When Otto learned that Kay's success with Atonal depended on DONUTs, he became determined to "punish" Kay, by having UZBK intentionally breach its contract and purposefully make these DONUTs unavailable to Kay so that the Super A and Atonal would fail.
In addition to money damages making up for Atonal's lost profits, is there another, additional money damages remedy that Atonal may recover from UZBK, based upon its clearly intentional, malicious, despicable breach of contract alone?

If so, (1) identify the most specific legal term for the type
of money damages meant to punish or make an example of someone for his/her/its intentional, malicious, despicable conduct
[H INT: You may answer this part of this Question with only two
words, the second of which is "damages."]; (2) explain why these
damages a re legally appropriate for breach of contract alone;
AND (3) cite specific narrative facts to show why Atonal is
entitled to these damages from UZBK for breach of contract
alone.

3. Or, if not, (1) identify the most specific legal term for the
type of money damages meant to punish or make an example of someone for his/her/its intentional, malicious, despicable conduct
[H INT: You may answer this part of this Question with only two
words, the second of which is "damages."]; (2) explain why these damages are not legally appropriate for breach of contract
alone; AND (3) cite specific narrative facts to show why Atonal is
not entitled to these damages from UZBK for breach of contract
alone.

4. Otto had learned of Kay's plan to use the DONUTs for the Super A prototypes during the contract negotiations between Kay (for Atonal) and UZBK. So, at the time UZBK was contracting with Kay, Otto had a secret intention to find another buyer for the DONUTs UZBK had promised to deliver to Kay.

Thus, UZBK fully intended to continue to offer those parts for sale to others to get a much better price (a "bigger, better deal") for them. UZBK jumped at the chance to sell the parts to Beezo's company for many millions of dollars more.
Is there a type of legal claim other than breach of contract that Atonal could use to sue UZBK to recover additional damages, based on UZBK's intentional, malicious, despicable conduct?

If so, (1) identify the category/level/classification of civil wrongs that Atonal could use against UZBK (other than breach of contract) to win these additional money damages [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with two words.]; (2) i dentify one of the legal names for this separate claim that Atonal could use against UZBK and set forth its legal elements/components; AND (3) citing specific narrative facts, explain why Atonal would be entitled to these additional money damages from UZBK based on this separate claim.
Or, if not, (1) identify the category/level/classification of
civil wrongs that Atonal could use against UZBK (other than breach of contract) to win these additional money damages [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with two words.];
(2) identify one of the legal names for this separate claim that Atonal could use against UZBK and set forth its legal elements/components; AND (3) specific narrative facts, explain why Atonal would not be entitled to these a dditional money damages from UZBK based on this separate claim.

5. Preoccupied with the electronic parts problems, Kay was completely surprised by bad news from Tunes4Less, an audio wholesaler that had agreed to sell Atonal 2,000 unique tiny, light-weight, high-quality speakers - "G Blasters" - for $13.00 apiece, a total contract price of $13,000.

Based on the exact dimensions and wiring requirements of the Tunes4Less G Blasters, Atonal's engineers had designed and molded the plastic cases for the Super A prototypes to "custom fit" those speakers ... and only those speakers.

Just a few days before the Super A prototypes were to be assembled, Tunes4Less CEO A. "Buzz" Noyes called from Tunes4Less headquarters to say that he had sold all 2,000 of the tiny speakers to "Make America Loud Again" (MALA), an organization that planned a Memorial Day protest march on Washington, D.C., that needed the speakers to "enhance" the audio of the marchers' chants.

Buzz asked if slightly larger, but still light-weight and high-quality "H Blasters" substitute? Clearly not!!! The workforce would have to break the plastic Super A prototype cases to insert the "H Blasters" and change the instrument's internal wiring to make them work.

Once again, without a particular component (the G Blasters), Atonal would be unable to produce the Super A prototypes, Atonal's business would be destroyed and the company would be forced to close, Atonal would face multi-million-dollar lawsuits by lenders and customers around the world, Atonal's workers would be laid off, government regulators would investigate Atonal's failure, and Kay's business reputation would be ruined forever.

Thus, without the Tunes4Less delivery, Kay's/Atonal's entire business life will end.
Fortunately, Kay has learned that Tunes4Less has not yet delivered the G Blasters to MALA, because the protest organizers do not yet have a warehouse/manufacturing shop in the District of Columbia area. So, the G Blasters sit in the Tunes4Less warehouse in nearby La Tuna Canyon, CA.
Assuming their contract is valid and enforceable for the G Blasters, is there a remedy other than money for Atonal to compel Tunes4Less to deliver those unique speakers to Atonal and to forbid Tunes4Less from delivering them to MALA?

5. If so, (1) specify the general type or category (i.e., area or source of law) of remedy that would permit this type of recovery;
[H INT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with a legal term that is one or two words.]; (2) identify the particular order a court could issue to force Tunes4Less to deliver the G Blasters to Atonal for their agreed-on/contract price [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with a legal term that is two words.];

(3) set forth the two standards the court would consider in deciding whether to award Atonal this remedy [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question with two sentences or phrases.]; AND (4) citing specific narrative facts, explain why thisremedy is necessary and appropriate for Atonal, w be ordered against Tunes4Less. Why it should

Or, if not, (1) specify the general type or category (i.e., area or source of law) of remedy that would permit this type of recovery; [H INT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with a legal term that is one or two words.]; (2) identify the specific order a court could issue to force Tunes4Less to deliver the soft plastic Rudolph dolls to Atonal for the agreed-on price [H INT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with a legal term that is t wo words.]; (3) set forth the two standards the court would consider in deciding whether to award Atonal this remedy [H INT: You may answer this part of this Question with two sentences or phrases.]; AND (4) citing specific narrative facts, explain why this extraordinary remedy is neither necessary nor appropriate for Atonal, why it should not be ordered against Tunes4Less.

6. Atonal's contract with Exertions Labor called for the staffing company to deliver, on a "rush" basis, not only enough qualified "fill-in" workers to perform the painstaking work of assembling the Super A prototypes, but also all of the tools and adhesives (e.g., glue, solder) - all readily available elsewhere - necessary to put the Super A prototype pieces together, including installing the G Blasters.
Kay had offered the contract to Exertions Labor at a per-piece price of $50 per unit, meaning a $50,000 total cost for assembly of the 1,000 Super A prototypes. But, in writing to "accept" Atonal's offer, Exertions Labor's President, Emma Ploy-Yee, added a term providing for "surge pricing" of $25 per unit - meaning a
$75,000 total cost to Atonal - as pandemic-era labor was short supply.
5. (3 0 Points for this Question) - (continued) -
If so, (1) specify the general type or category (i.e., area or source of law) of remedy that would permit this type of recovery;
[H INT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with a legal
term that is one or two words.]; (2) identify the particular order a court could issue to force Tunes4Less to deliver the G Blasters to Atonal for their agreed-on/contract price [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with a legal term that is two words.];
(3) set forth the two standards the court would consider in deciding whether to award Atonal this remedy [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question with two sentences or phrases.]; AND (4) citing specific narrative facts, explain why this

remedy is necessary and appropriate for Atonal, w be ordered against Tunes4Less.

hy it should

Or, if not, (1) specify the general type or category (i.e., area or source of law) of remedy that would permit this type of
recovery; [H INT: You may answer this part of this Question fully
with a legal term that is one or two words.]; (2) identify the
specific order a court could issue to force Tunes4Less to deliver the soft plastic Rudolph dolls to Atonal for the agreed-on price
[H INT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with a legal
term that is t wo words.]; (3) set forth the two standards the court would consider in deciding whether to award Atonal this remedy
[H INT: You may answer this part of this Question with two
sentences or phrases.]; AND (4) citing specific narrative facts,
explain why this extraordinary remedy is neither necessary nor
appropriate for Atonal, why it should not be ordered against Tunes4Less.

6. Atonal's contract with Exertions Labor called for the staffing company to deliver, on a "rush" basis, not only enough qualified "fill-in" workers to perform the painstaking work of assembling the Super A prototypes, but also all of the tools and adhesives (e.g., glue, solder) - all readily available elsewhere - necessary to put the Super A prototype pieces together, including installing the G Blasters.
Kay had offered the contract to Exertions Labor at a per-piece price of $50 per unit, meaning a $50,000 total cost for assembly of the 1,000 Super A prototypes. But, in writing to "accept" Atonal's offer, Exertions Labor's President, Emma Ploy-Yee, added a term providing for "surge pricing" of $25 per unit - meaning a
$75,000 total cost to Atonal - as pandemic-era labor was short supply.

6. Busy with problems created by UZBK and Tunes4Less - not to mention having to keep Atonal's lenders, investors, and staff calm - Kay did not read Emma's/Exertions' "acceptance" of Atonal's offer. So ... Kay was shocked when Exertions refused to deliver even a little labor unless Atonal paid the full $75,000, as "in the contract."

When Kay refused and instead hired Handy Helpers on the terms that Atonal had offered to Exertions, Emma insisted that Atonal's contact with Exertions was binding and that she would sue Atonal for breach of contract, claiming all $75,000.

Do Atonal and Exertions have a legally binding contract that Atonal breached by contracting with Handy?

If so, (1) identify the legal term for the type of c ontract that combines both the sale of services and the sale of goods

[H INT: You may answer this part of this Question with just one word, followed by "contract."]; (2) specify what law (UCC and/or common law) applies to which portions of this type of contract or to the contract as a whole AND explain why; AND (3) citing specific narrative facts, explain why - including any relevant Rule of law - Atonal and Exertions had reached a legally binding agreement, specifying the terms of that contract .

Or, if not, (1) identify the legal term for the type of contract that combines both the sale of services and the sale of goods [H INT: You may answer this part of this Question with just one word, followed by "contract."]; (2) specify what law (UCC and/or common law) applies to which portions of this type of contract or to the contract as a whole AND explain why; AND (3) citing specific narrative facts, explain why - including any relevant Rule of law - Atonal and Exertions failed to reach a legally binding agreement.

7.
Unfortunately, the substitute DONUTs supplied by Harmon-E.E. overheated and failed at an alarmingly high rate - some causing minor burns to Super A prototype users -- facts that Kay did not know until Atonal started receiving complaints and returns from buyers who each had paid a small fortune for a Super A prototype.
In the packaging for every DONUT, though, Harmon-E.E. had included a card with the following language:

"If product or any portion thereof is defective and fails to perform for 180 days from purchase, Manufacturer's liability is limited to replacement of the goods. Please mail the goods back to Manufacturer in the original packaging, with a copy of the dated sales receipt/packing invoice/shipping order, to Harmon-E.E., 111 Whine-Humm Lane, Con-On-Avon, Great Britain, U.K. for a full replacement."

Harmon-E.E. is relying on this language to limit its financial exposure if and when its DONUTs fail, property is destroyed, and people are injured. Of course, the DONUTs' failure is disastrous to Atonal, and Kay is looking to sue Harmon-E.E.

Are the limitations in the DONUTs packaging valid and enforceable, despite the fact that Kay (for Atonal) did not sign any documents voluntarily agreeing to the limitations and really did not understand their implications?

If so, (1) state a legal term for this type of l anguage that limits a consumer's remedies for a defective product [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question with any one of many legal terms that is as short as one word or up to three words.];

(2) state a legal term for the type of contract or agreement created by language on or inside of packaging [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question with a legal term that is as short as one hyphenated or two separate words, followed by "contract."]; AND (3) citing specific narrative facts, explain why these limitations are binding on Atonal and limit its remedies when purchasers of the Super A prototypes return them as defective, demanding money back.

Or, if not, (1) state a legal term for this type of l anguage that limits a consumer's r emedies for a defective product [H INT: You may answer this part of this Question with a ny one of many legal terms that is as short as one word or up to three words.]; (2) s tate a legal term for the type of contract or agreement created by language on or inside of packaging [H INT: You may answer this part of this Question with a legal term that is as short as one hyphenated or two separate words, followed by "contract."]; AND (3) citing specific narrative facts, explain why these limitations are not binding on Atonal and do not limit its remedies when purchasers of the Super A prototypes
return them as defective, demanding money back.

Excited and wanting to "shred massively" with his new Super A prototype at extreme volumes, "Heavy Met" Al Thrasher plugged his Super A prototype directly into a 220-volt line for "more power" - something the Super A prototype manual had warned against specifically.
But, of course, Al didn't bother to read - words or music.

The DONUT in Al's Super A prototype, supplied by Harmon-E.E. overheated, and, instead of just failing and disabling the unit, the DONUT caught fire due to the dangerously unsafe extra power (Normal power outlets are 110-volt lines.) that Al had the instrument plugged into.

In the resulting fire, Al sustained devastating burns over almost two-thirds of his body. Of course again, Al hired a tough personal injury/product liability attorney

-Ima Biggs-Shark - who filed a lawsuit in Los Angeles County Superior Court against both Atonal and Harmon-E.E. (through its U.S. joint venture, BoneThugs & Harmon-E.E.) on Al's behalf.

At trial, the jury found that Al's total damages - including medical expenses; costs of future surgeries; pain and suffering; loss of wages and future earnings; costs of in-home nursing care for life; and loss of use of his fingers and, err, male anatomy - totaled $100 Million ($100,000,000).

The jury also found Harmon-E.E. twenty per cent (20%) responsible and Atonal five per cent (5%) responsible for Al's injuries. The jury also found that Al was seventy-five per cent (75%) responsible - that is, mostly responsible - for causing his own injuries.

In California, a state that recognizes pure comparative negligence, what, if any, total amount of money would a jury award Al based on these facts?
(1) Calculate and show (Yes, show your math!) the amount of money damages for which each party (Al, Harmon-E.E., and Atonal) has liability, according to the jury; AND (2) citing specific narrative facts, explain why each party bears that legal liability (And no, not just because the jury said so.)

III. FINAL QUESTIONS

A. EXTRA-CREDIT QUESTION - (30 Points for this Question) -
UZBK's refusal to deliver the DONUTs to Atonal was based on the larger, vastly more profitable deal with another buyer, Beezo's company, A2Z.

Assuming the UCC applies to UZBK's contract with Atonal, UZBK's CEA Otto Tune now claims that UZBK was not legally obligated to deliver the DONUTs to Atonal. In fact, Otto claims that the UCC excused UZBK from performing its agreement with Atonal because (a) UZBK's entire DONUT supply already had been delivered to Beezo's company, making UZBK's delivery to Atonal under their contract "impossible"; and (b) because Beezo's company was willing to pay so very much more money for the DONUTs than Atonal's contract called for, UZBK would have to give up so much extra money that Atonal's contract was unfair and "commercially impracticable," given the true worth of the parts.
Is Otto correct with either argument, excusing UZBK from liability for failing to deliver the parts to Atonal under their contract?
If so, (1) state a definition for the term "impossibility" under contract law; (2) provide a definition of (or explanation of, by example) the term "commercial impracticability" under the UCC; AND (3) citing specific narrative facts, explain why UZBK
has a legal excuse for non-performance of its contract with Atonal and has no liability for its failure to deliver the DONUTs to Atonal.
Or, if not, (1) state a definition for the term "impossibility" under contract law; (2) provide a definition of (or explanation of, by example) the term "commercial impracticability" under the UCC; AND (3) citing specific narrative facts, explain why UZBK
has no legal excuse for non-performance of its contract with Atonal and has liability for its failure to deliver the DONUTs to Atonal.

B. EXTRA EXTRA-CREDIT QUESTION
The defective DONUTs (in the Super A prototypes) caused dozens of injuries, including Al's serious burns.
As a result of complaints by hundreds of consumers, Harmon-E.E. and Atonal each face criminal charges for allegedly knowingly "dumping" defective DONUTs on the market, failing to recall them and/or warn consumers, and acting with conscious disregard for the health, safety, and welfare of the public.

A business facing criminal charges for business misconduct (e.g., Volkswagen for its diesel engine emissions cheating; Wells Fargo Bank for misuse of customer information and fraudulent account-opening practices) is in a difficult spot, legally speaking.

EXTRA EXTRA-CREDIT QUESTION - (continued) -
Knowing there usually is a mountain of unfavorable evidence against a business, a company's criminal defense attorneys often will recommend that the company try to resolve criminal charges with prosecutors. By doing so, the attorneys hope

that business avoids the expense (mostly, attorneys' fees) of a lengthy trial (which the company likely would lose), obtains lesser punishment(s) from the criminal court; and minimizes the damage to existing and future business/reputation.

Is there a specific plea or course of action that criminal defense attorneys suggest to businesses facing these bad situations?

If so, (1) identify the general term for negotiations between prosecutors and defense attorneys to resolve/settle the criminal charges w ithout going to trial [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with two words.]; (2) i dentify three basic types of pleas in criminal court [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question with just the three legal terms totaling five words (in English or Latin) for these different pleas];

(3) specify which of the three pleas that the business' defense attorneys likely will recommend [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question with a legal term that is one or two words (in English or Latin).]; AND (4) s tate specific examples of how this specific plea may help the business, both in the criminal case and in facing later civil lawsuits.

Or, if not, (1) identify the general term for negotiations between prosecutors and defense attorneys to resolve/settle the criminal charges w ithout going to trial [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question fully with two words.]; (2) i dentify three basic types of pleas in criminal court [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question with just the three legal terms totaling five words (in English or Latin) for these different pleas];

(3) specify which of the three pleas that the business' defense attorneys likely will recommend [HINT: You may answer this part of this Question with a legal term that is one or two words (in English or Latin).]; AND (4) explain why NONE of the specific

Attachment:- Essay Questions.rar