Reference no: EM13755218

1. With respect to the fundamental attribution error, it turns out that in other cultures, like those of Asia, there's a/an _______ orientation to others that emphasizes interdependence.

• individualistic
• intrapersonal
• philosophical
• collectivist

2. With respect to the theory of cognitive dissonance, people can hold contradictory ideas in their minds. If you become aware of the dissonance between two ideas, you could pursue which of the following strategies to reduce the dissonance?

• You can modify your views of the two contradictory ideas.
• You can repress one of the cognitions into your unconscious mind and go about your day.
• You can tell yourself that the contradictory ideas are contradictory.
• You can change the way you perceive the ideas by increasing the importance of one of them.

3. On first meeting XXXXX XXXXX from Edinburgh, Clark Mason, a native of Seattle, immediately decides that he and Ian have similar attitudes, feelings, and worldviews. Psychologists say this sort of thing illustrates the

• assumed-similarity bias.
• fundamental attribution error.
• "birds of a feather" error.
• self-serving bias.

4. Jason and Julia are preparing for a quiz in Psychology 101. Jason recites four reasons for seeking out a social support network. Julia, who has top grades in the class, gives her nod of approval to all but one of Jason's list. Which one is she most likely to reject?

• Being a member of a social support network can help reduce a person's stress levels.
• Group members can help a participant with practical things like finding a new job.
• Support group membership can help a participant feel valued by others.
• Being in a social support network helps a person learn how to win arguments.

5. Mandy has decided that she has no control over the aversive stimuli she encounters at work and at home day by day. Thus, she has given up trying to make her life better. Psychologists would say Mandy's worldview illustrates

• problem-focused coping.
• emotion-focused coping.
• learned avoidant coping.
• learned helplessness.

6. According to Sternberg, intimacy plus decision/commitment identifies

• fatuous love.
• companionate love.
• liking.
• true friendship.

7. If nominal GDP, prices and population all increase but real GDP remains the same then:

• real GDP per capita will decrease
• real GDP per capita will increase
• we cannot tell what will happen to real GDP per capita
• the standard of living will increase

8. Assume the budget deficit decreased by $15 billion, private saving decreased by $20 billion, exports increased by $10 billion, and imports increased by $15 billion. By how much did investment change?

• investment decreased by $10 billion
• investment increased by $10 billion
• investment did not change at all
• the change in investment cannot be determined from this information

9. If the economy is in a steady state and there is no technological progress then:

• the captital-labour ratio grows at a constant rate
• output per capita grows at a constant rate
• output, capital and labour all grow at the same rate
• the savings rate has to be equal to the depreciation rate

10. As discussed in your textbook, the Implicit Association Test (IAT)

• requires people to openly express and reveal their latent prejudices.
• is based on a culture-free questionnaire.
• requires subjects to react to a series of black and white faces.
• has revealed that most people aren't prejudiced.

11. Four steps are involved in a person's decision to offer assistance in an emergency situation. The third step is

• interpreting the event as requiring someone to offer assistance.
• appraisal of one's skills and experience in dealing with emergencies.
• assuming responsibility for rendering assistance.
• deciding how to help.

12. In general, the approach to stress embraced by psychoneuroimmunologists focuses on

• the outcomes of stress.
• the brain and the immune system.
• the brain and the body.
• psychological factors and the immune system.

13. A popular talk show host, jovial and sharp-witted as usual, outlines his views on the death penalty, taking time to consider both sides of the issue. As a long-time listener to that talk show, if you're swayed to adopt the talk-show host's point of view, it will probably be due to

• the character of the message.
• your tendency to employ peripheral route processing.
• the medium of the message (radio).
• your temperament and character.

14. In the context of social cognition, what is the primary importance of schemas?

• They allow us to correctly identify the central traits of other people.
• They provide accurate and truthful information about social situations and other people.
• They help us differentiate good people from bad people.
• They help us organize, store, and recall information about other people.

15. Aggressiveness builds up in people because of human nature. It can be safely expressed before it reaches a "boiling point" through the catharsis offered by aggressive sports and games. These kinds of ideas are associated with

• social learning theories.
• instinct approaches to aggression.
• frustration-aggression theory.
• observational learning theories.