Reference no: EM13880668

In the final stages of production, a pharmaceutical is sterilized by heating it from 25 to 75°C as it moves at 0.2 m/s through a straight thin-walled stainless steel tube of 12.7-mm diameter. A uniform heat flux is maintained by an electric resistance heater wrapped around the outer surface of the tube. If the tube is 10m long, what is the required heat flux? If fluid enters the tube with a fully developed velocity profile and a uniform temperature profile, what is the surface temperature at the tube exit and at a distance of 0.5 m from the entrance? Fluid properties may be approximated as P = 1000 kg/m c p = 4000 J/kg · K. µ = 2 X 10-3 kg/s · m, k = 0.8 W/m · K, and Pr = 10.