Product Layout
Product layouts, also called flow-shop layouts or straight-line layouts, involve arrangement of equipment or machines according to the progressive steps by which a product is made. Raw materials are moved into the first machine and the finished products come out from the last machine.
These layouts are designed to accommodate only a few, mostly one or two, standardized products and process designs. They allow direct material flow through the facility for attaining large volumes of production. These types of layouts are preferred in the plants that manufacture standardized products on a mass scale such as chemical, paper, rubber, refineries, and cement industries.
Advantages
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Mechanization of materials is possible and material handling costs can be reduced considerably
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This layout requires less floor area per unit of production
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This layout facilitates better production control and production bottlenecks can be avoided
Disadvantages
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Expansion of the production line is difficult
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There is difficulty in supervising
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Breakdown of equipment may disrupt the entire production system
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