Networking protocols, Operating System

Assignment Help:

Modern networks are not implemented as a single piece of software; that would render the task of dealing with multiple technologies and manufacturers virtually impossible. The solution for this problem is to structure computer networks as stacks of different protocols. A protocol can be seen as a "language" in which two entities (computers, routers, etc) communicate with each other. Typically, one protocol is created to solve a predetermined set of networking tasks, such as being able to send ?xed-length messages, or guaranteeing message order, etc. The capability of a protocol to solve these tasks makes it a "black box" that can be used by protocols on the level immediately above; similarly, the protocol itself can make use of the capabilities provided by the protocol on the level immediately below. Thus, all modern networks are implemented as a stack of abstractions, all of which are implemented as composable protocols; we say that the layer N provides services to layer N+1 and uses the services from layer N-1.

As an example, consider the stack presented in Figure in this example we show how the HTTP protocol (or, similarly, SMTP and ssh) can be implemented using the services provided by the TCP protocol. Also, the TCP protocol is implemented using the services of the IP layer, which itself uses the services provided by the Ethernet layer. Notice that one advantage of this type of architecture is that if we were to build a new functionality (say, wireless connections, instead of Ethernet), it would suf?ce for us to implement this new layer and to guarantee that it provides, to the IP level, the same services that were once provided by the Ethernet level. Nowhere would we need to care about the details of TCP, HTTP, or, for that matter, any of the top-level protocols.


Related Discussions:- Networking protocols

What are race conditions?, What are race conditions? Race conditions ar...

What are race conditions? Race conditions are problems that take place due to the sharing of the same file by several processes. In such a case none of the processes is able to

Cpu, Some CPUs provide for more than two modes of operation. What are two p...

Some CPUs provide for more than two modes of operation. What are two possible uses of these multiple modes?

What is super block, What is super block A partition control block have...

What is super block A partition control block have partitions details, such as the number of blocks in the partition, size of the blocks, free-blocks and free-block pointers an

Demand paging, Demand paging gives that pages could only be brought into ...

Demand paging gives that pages could only be brought into memory if the running process acts them. This is usually referred to as lazy evaluation as only those pages operated by

Search and print between two words/patterns, what if we need the portion fr...

what if we need the portion from a text based on some keyword. For eg. My file is like below, ------------------------------------------------ Order=[ 1 2 3 4 5 Order=[ 6 7 8 9

How does dma raise system concurrency, Q. How does DMA raise system concurr...

Q. How does DMA raise system concurrency? How does it make difficult hardware design? Answer: DMA increases system concurrency by allowing the CPU to perform tasks while the

Galvin, difference between process and thread

difference between process and thread

Recognition of essential syntactic constructs by reductions, Recognition of...

Recognition of essential syntactic constructs by reductions, this task is carried out by Recognition of essential syntactic constructs by reductions, this task is carried out

Explain the grouping threads that execute similar functions, Grouping Threa...

Grouping Threads That Execute Similar Functions   Thread Groups are generally used to group threads that execute similar functions of the application program. For instance, if

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd