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This unit dealt along with the methods of physically storing data in the files. The terms fields, records & files were described. The organization types were introduced.
The several file organization techniques were discussed. Sequential File Organization finds employ in application areas where batch processing is more common. Sequential files are simple to employ and can be stored on cheap media. They are appropriate for applications that need direct access to only specific records of the collection. They do not provide sufficient support for interactive applications.
In Direct file organization, there exists a predictable relationship among the key used and to identify a specific record on secondary storage. A direct file has to be stored on a direct access device. Direct files are utilized extensively in application areas where interactive processing is utilized.
An Indexed Sequential file supports both sequential access through key value & direct access to a specific record, given its key value. It is implemented by developing an index on top of a sequential data file that resides on a direct access storage device.
Generally, Computational complexity of algorithms are referred to through space complexity (space needed for running program) and time complexity (time needed for running the progr
In the previous unit, we have discussed arrays. Arrays are data structures of fixed size. Insertion and deletion involves reshuffling of array elements. Thus, array manipulation
Best Case: If the list is sorted already then A[i] T (n) = c1n + c2 (n -1) + c3(n -1) + c4 (n -1) = O (n), which indicates that the time complexity is linear. Worst Case:
Which sorting algorithm is best if the list is already sorted? Why? Insertion sort as there is no movement of data if the list is already sorted and complexity is of the order
Question 1 Write the different characteristics of an algorithm Question 2 Explain in brief the asymptotic notations Question 3 Write an algorithm of insertion sort and e
One of the best known methods for external sorting on tapes is the polyphase sort. Principle: The basic strategy of this sort is to distribute ordered initial runs of predetermi
A common person's faith is that a computer can do anything. It is far from truth. In realism computer can carry out only definite predefined instructions. The formal illustration o
Polynomials like 5x 4 + 2x 3 + 7x 2 + 10x - 8 can be represented by using arrays. Arithmetic operations such as addition & multiplication of polynomials are com
HOW DO I CREATE ENSEMBLE NETWORK IN MATLAB
write a algorithsm in c to perform push and pop operations stastic implementation using array ?
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