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Aggregate AssignmentThe %ROWTYPE declaration cannot include an initialization clause. Though, there are two ways to assign values to all fields in a record at once. At First, the PL/SQL allows the aggregate assignment between the whole records if their declarations refer to the similar table or cursor. For illustration, the assignment below is legal:DECLAREdept_rec1 dept%ROWTYPE;dept_rec2 dept%ROWTYPE;CURSOR c1 IS SELECT deptno, dname, loc FROM dept;dept_rec3 c1%ROWTYPE;BEGIN...dept_rec1 := dept_rec2;However, because dept_rec2 is based on a table and dept_rec3 is based on acursor, the following assignment is illegal:dept_rec2 := dept_rec3; -- illegalSecondly, you can assign a list of column values to a record by using the SELECT or FETCH statement, as the illustration below shows. The column names should appear in the order in which they are defined by the CREATE TABLE or CREATE VIEW statement.DECLAREdept_rec dept%ROWTYPE;...BEGINSELECT deptno, dname, loc INTO dept_rec FROM deptWHERE deptno = 30;
Adding Table Constraints ALTER TABLE ENROLMENT ADD CONSTRAINT NameNotNull CHECK (Name IS NOT NULL) ; ALTER TABLE ENROLMENT ADD CONSTRAINT PK_StudentId_CourseId PRIM
Declaring Exceptions The Exceptions can be declared only in the declarative part of the PL/SQL subprogram, block, or package. By introducing its name, you can declare an excep
Fetching from a Cursor Variable The FETCH statement retrieve rows one at a time from the product set of a multi-row query. The syntax for the same is as shown: FETCH {curso
Grouping and Ungrouping in SQL Example specifying EXAM_MARK in place of COURSE in the main FROM clause. Example: Obtaining C_ER2 from EXAM_MARK SELECT CourseId, CAST
Cursor Attributes The Cursors and cursor variables have 4 attributes which give you helpful information about the execution of a data manipulation statement. Syntax:
Identifiers You use identifiers to name the PL/SQL program items and units that include constants, variables, cursors, exceptions, cursor variables, subprograms, and packages.
Introduction Oracle 9i - it was made public in the year 2001 with over 400 features, and graphics, it has merged the traditional business with modern internet application
%ISOPEN The Oracle closes the SQL cursor automatically after executing its related SQL statement. As a result, the %ISOPEN forever yields FALSE.
Need for Dynamic SQL: You need dynamic SQL in the situations as follows: 1) You would like to execute a SQL data definition statement (like CREATE), a data control statemen
Table Represents an Extension - SQL It describes how each tuple in a relation represents a true instantiation of some predicate and each true instantiation is represented by s
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