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Aggregate AssignmentThe %ROWTYPE declaration cannot include an initialization clause. Though, there are two ways to assign values to all fields in a record at once. At First, the PL/SQL allows the aggregate assignment between the whole records if their declarations refer to the similar table or cursor. For illustration, the assignment below is legal:DECLAREdept_rec1 dept%ROWTYPE;dept_rec2 dept%ROWTYPE;CURSOR c1 IS SELECT deptno, dname, loc FROM dept;dept_rec3 c1%ROWTYPE;BEGIN...dept_rec1 := dept_rec2;However, because dept_rec2 is based on a table and dept_rec3 is based on acursor, the following assignment is illegal:dept_rec2 := dept_rec3; -- illegalSecondly, you can assign a list of column values to a record by using the SELECT or FETCH statement, as the illustration below shows. The column names should appear in the order in which they are defined by the CREATE TABLE or CREATE VIEW statement.DECLAREdept_rec dept%ROWTYPE;...BEGINSELECT deptno, dname, loc INTO dept_rec FROM deptWHERE deptno = 30;
1. Create a procedure called TAX_COST_SP to accomplish the tax calculation task. Keep in mind that the state and subtotal values are inputs into the procedure and the procedure is
Cause of Indeterminacy in SQL One root cause of indeterminacy in SQL lies in its implementation of comparison for equality. For certain system-defined types it is possible for
Definition of CROSS JOIN - SQL Let s = t1 CROSS JOIN t2, where t1 and t2 are table expressions optionally accompanied by range variables. Then: Note: Here T denotes Table
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Information Hiding With the information hiding, you see only the details that are significant at a given level of algorithm and data structure design. The Information hiding
Creating and Destroying Base Tables: Example shows an SQL command to create the base table counterpart of the ENROLMENT variable Example Creating a base table. CREATE T
Example of EXCEPT Operator - SQL Example, like its counterpart in the theory book, illustrates the convenience of allowing any table expression to be the source for an INSERT
Cursors To execute the multi-row query, the Oracle opens an unnamed work region which stores the processing information. The cursor names the work region, access the informa
Initializing and Referencing Collections Until you initialize a collection, a nested table or varray is automatically null (i.e. the collection itself is null, not its elements)
Example of COALESCE operator Example: Give the total of marks for each exam (simplified solution) SELECT CourseId, COALESCE ((SELECT SUM (Mark) FROM EXAM_MARK AS EM
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