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WRITE SHORT NOTES ON INDEX STRUCTURE OF FILES?
There are two basic parts of indices
1. Ordered indices
2. Hash indices
Every technique must be evaluated on the basis of these factors:
Ø Ordered indices
Ø Primary index
Ø Dense and sparse indices
Ø Multilevel index
Ø Index update
Ø Secondary indices
B+-Tree index files
B+-Tree index structure is the most widely used of various index structures that maintain their efficiency despite insertion and deletion of data.
Ø Structure of B+-Tree
Ø Queries on B+-Tree
Ø Update on B+-Tree
Ø B+-Tree file organization
Ø B-Tree index files
Explain the Query Processing Data Query Processing permits a user to report or analyze structured and unstructured data pulled from multiple data sources.
Example RELATION SCHEMA for STUDENT: STUDENT (Roll No: string, name: string, login: string, age: integer) RELATION INSTANCE
What is the use of group by clause? Group by clause is used to apply aggregate functions to a set of tuples. The attributes given in the group by clause are used to
Data Base Management System 1. Draw the Architecture of MySQL and explain about its subsystems briefly. 2. Elaborate with the help of an example the concept of Primary key a
As with other software, databases can potentially be used for unethical purposes. As a database developer, and a consumer, you should recognize database misuse, and how it may affe
Strict 2PL :Though, this basic 2PL suffers from the trouble that it can result into loss of isolation / atomic property of transaction as theoretically speaking once a lock is rele
Increased overheads on update : On the drawbacks side, it will need the system to ensure that all replicas of a relation are consistent. This shows that all the replicas of the rel
Multi-Key File Organisation In this part, we will introduce two basic file Organisation schemes that permit records to be accessed by more than one key field, therefore, allowi
Fourth Normal Form (4NF) When attributes in a relation have multi-valued dependency, further Normalization to 4NF and 5NF are needed. Let us first find out what multi-valued d
What is Disadvantages Of DBMS ? 1. Cost of Software and Hardware and Migration - A important disadvantage of the DBMS system is cost. 2. Reduced Response and Throughpu
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