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Write in brief on UNIX file structure.
UNIX considers every file to be a sequence of 8-bit bytes no interpretation of these bits is made by the operating system. This system provides for maximum flexibility except little support. Every application program must include its own code to interpret an input file into the appropriate structure. Though all operating system should support at least one structure that of an executable file so that the system can load and run programs. A File contains two parts
1. resource fork
2. data fork
Resource fork enclose information of interest to the user. For example it holds the labels of any of the buttons displayed by the program. The data fork contains program data or code the traditional file contents. In UNIX if a user needs to relabel these buttons in his own language the programmer would require changing and recompiling the source code unless the programmer created his own user-changeable data file.
What is reference string We evaluate an algorithm by running it on a definite string of memory reference and computing the number of page faults. The string of memory reference
Interrupts The hardware mechanism that enables a device to inform the CPU is called an interrupt. The basic interrupt mechanism works as follows. The CPU hardware has a wire kn
Processes have valid and invalid entries on their page tables. The valid entries all point to some where "real" (e.g. a physical page, or some portion of disk in case of non-reside
Gang Scheduling : A set of related process is scheduled to execute on a set of processors at the similar time, on a 1-to-1 basis. Closely related processes or threads may be sched
what if we need the portion from a text based on some keyword. For eg. My file is like below, ------------------------------------------------ Order=[ 1 2 3 4 5 Order=[ 6 7 8 9
Using pages makes it easier to manage the whole memory, avoiding excessive fragmentation and waste. As an analogy, think of Tetris, but with only square blocks: it is relatively ea
Partitions and mounting A disk can be sliced into many partitions, or a partition can span multiple disks. Every partition can be either "raw", having no file system, or "cooke
Facilities of a Debug Monitor Facilities of a debug monitor are like this: Setting breakpoints in the program Initiating a debug conversation while control reaches
Parent process P creates three child processes, C1, C2, and C3. Each child process executes a memory and CPU intensive application of your choice. Your choice should be such that
A scheduler that selects processes from secondary storage device is known as Medium term scheduler is a scheduler that selects processes from secondary stor
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