Question:

(a) Explain the usage of the following parts of the IPv4 datagram format.

i. VERS
ii. HLEN
iii. TOTAL LENGTH
iv. SERVICE TYPE
v. HEADER CHECKSUM

(b) Name the fields present in IPv4 no longer present in IPv6. Why are these fields no longer required?

(c) The deployment of IPv6 has been slow to date. Why has it been slow? What is needed to accelerate its deployment?

(d) Consider sending a 5000-byte datagram into a link that has a MTU of 1500 bytes. Suppose the original datagram is stamped with the identification number 256. How many fragments are generated? What are their characteristics?

(e) A client requesting an IPv4 address will broadcast messages on the physical subnet to discover available DHCP servers. Will the client send a TCP or UDP packet? To which destination IP address will this packet be addressed?