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WHILE-LOOPThe WHILE-LOOP statement relates a condition with the series of statements enclosed by the keywords LOOP and END LOOP, as shown:WHILE condition LOOPsequence_of_statementsEND LOOP;Before each of the iteration of the loop, the condition is computed. If the condition is true, then the series of statements is executed, then the control resumes at the top of the loop. When the condition is false or null, the loop is then bypassed and control passes to the next statement. An illustration is shown below:WHILE total <= 25000 LOOP...SELECT sal INTO salary FROM emp WHERE...total := total + salary;END LOOP;The number of iterations depends on the condition and is not known until the loop done. The condition is tested at the top of the loop, so the series might execute zero times. In the last illustration, if the initial value of total is bigger than 25000, the condition is false and the loop is bypassed.A few languages have a LOOP UNTIL or REPEAT UNTIL structure, that tests the condition at the bottom of the loop rather than at the top. So, the sequence of the statements is executed at least once. The PL/SQL has no such structure, but you can easily build one, as shown:LOOPsequence_of_statementsEXIT WHEN boolean_expression;END LOOP;To make sure that a WHILE loop executes at least once, then use an initialized Boolean variable in the condition which is as shown below:done := FALSE;WHILE NOT done LOOPsequence_of_statementsdone := boolean_expression;END LOOP;The statement inside the loop should assign a new value to the Boolean variable. Or else, you have an infinite loop. For illustration, the following LOOP statements are logically equal:WHILE TRUE LOOP | LOOP... | ...END LOOP; | END LOOP;
CHECK Constraints in SQL A CHECK constraint is a table constraint defined using the key word CHECK, as already illustrated in several examples in this chapter. In particular,
Create a procedure named STATUS_SHIP_SP that allows a company to employee in the Shipping Department to update the status of an order to add shipping information. The BB_BASKETSTAT
PPD , CPA, Filesharing Site Project Description: This is very easy I need a PPD , CPA, Filesharing Site. [PPD] stands for (pay per download) example hotsharecash [Files
Using INNER JOIN INNER JOIN is used to retrieve the data from all tables listed based on a condition of equality listed after keyword ON. If the condition is not meet, rows ar
Use the RETURNING Clause Frequently, the application requires information about the row affected by a SQL operation, for illustration, to produce a report or take a subsequent
a. Write an anonymous block that contains a PL/SQL function. Given an order number orderNo, the function will calculate the total number of the parts in the order. Then the anonym
Count Operator in SQL Example: Counting the students who have scored more than 50 in some exam (SELECT COUNT (*) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT StudentId FROM EXAM_MARK WHE
Parameter and Keyword Description: cursor_variable_name: This identifies a cursor variable or the parameter formerly declared within the present scope. host_cursor_va
Consider the following set of database tables (same tables from Assignment 6-1). Please take note of foreign keys (most of them carry the same names as the corresponding primary ke
Name Resolution In potentially uncertain SQL statements, the names of the database columns take precedence over the names of the local variables and formal parameters. For e.g.
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