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What are three components of the schema architecture proposed by ANSI/SPARC?
The three component schema architecture proposed by ANSI/SPARC is as given below:
External schema: An external view is abstract representation of some portion of total database.
Conceptual schema: A conceptual view is the logical representation of the database in its entity.
Internal schema: The internal schema is database as it is physically stored.
Define query optimization. Query optimization refers to the process of search the lowest -cost method of evaluating a given query.
find a name whose address is erode from student table
Benefits of Hashed file Organisation 1. Insertion or search on hash-key is quick. 2. Best if equality search is required on hash-key. Drawbacks of Hashed file
4. Describe three ways to handle missing field values
Explain the Check Clause The CHECK clause is employed to at the end of a CREATE TABLE statement specify table constraints. This is known as table-based constraint because it ap
Define Specialisation and generalization in brief? Specialisation / generalization: Generalization or Specialization represents the is a relationship set, an necessary element
The Database Approach In order to overcome the limits of a file system, a new approach was needed. Hence a database approach emerged. A database is a persistent collection of
Q.1 Briefly discuss the different layers of ANSI SPARC architecture. Ans: The three layers of ANSI SPARC architecture are like this: 1. Internal view is at the lowest leve
What is meant by heuristic optimisation?Discuss the major heuristics that are applied during query optimisation.
Support by Adding Indexes Multiple indexes can be used to access a data file by multiple access paths. In such a scheme only single copy of the data is consider, only the numbe
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