When are two schedules said to be view equivalent?    

Ans: Two schedules that is denoted as S and S' are said to be view equivalent if the subsequent three conditions are met

1)  For every data item Q, if a transaction Ti reads the initial value of Q in schedule S, after that transaction Ti should in schedule S'  also read the initial value of Q.

2)  For every data item Q, if a transaction Ti executes read(Q)  in schedule S and that value was generated by Tj (if any) , then transaction Ti must in schedule S'  as well read the value of Q generated by Tj.

3)  For every data item Q, if a transaction if any that carries out the final write(Q) in schedule S should perform the final write(Q) in schedule S'.