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What are the types of reference?explain it with suitable examples?
Object oriented language given the ability to refer the object attribute of the type can be referred to the specified type. We can describe the type dept with a field name and a field head which is reference to the type person and a table dept of the type dept as followed
Create type dept(
Name varchar(20),
Head ref(person)scope people
)
Create table dept of dept
The table definition must state that the reverence is derived and must still state a self referential attribute name. When interesting a tuple for dept we can then use
Insert into dept
Values('CS','john')
Using Relational Algebra which query finds customers, who have a balance of over 1000 ? Using Relational Algebra Π Customer_name( σ balance >1000(Deposit)) is query to find cu
What are the categories of SQL command? SQL commands are separated in to the following categories: 1. Data - Definitition Language 2. Data Manipulation language 3. Dat
Concurrency issues Data integrity: Threads accessing same object need to be synchronized, such as: banking account. Deadlock: One or more threads in system are perman
Primary Index In primary index, there is a one-to-one relationship among the entries in the index table and the records in the major table. Primary index can be of two types:
Greater potential for bugs: Since the sites of a distributed system operate simultaneously, it is more complex to ensure the correctness of algorithms. The art of constructing dis
For every multivalued attribute 'A', we make a new relation R that contains an attribute corresponding to plus the primary key attribute k of the relation that shows the entity typ
Fifth Normal Form (5NF) These relations still have a difficulty. While defining the 4NF we mentioned that all the attributes depend upon each other. Whereas creating the two ta
Example -Find the employee name, salary, department number and average salary of his/her department, for those employees whose salary is more than the average salary of that depart
Creation of Indexes Automatically: When a primary key or Unique constraint is show in a table definition then a unique index is formed automatically. Manually: User can
what are information system hirarchy?
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