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What are the General Transformation Rules for Relational operations?
Ans: The transformation rules transform one relational algebra expression to AN
EQUIVALENT ONE
1. Employed by the query optimizer to optimize query tree
2. Any type of rule, if applied, ensures that the resultant tree is equivalent → resulting execution plan is equivalent
General Transformation Rules is as follow:
1. Commutativity of s: The s operation is commutative:
What does the cardinality ratio specify? Mapping cardinalities or cardinality ratios state the number of entities to which another entity can be associated. Mapping cardinaliti
explain the steps for reduction of er model into relational model?
using the invoice table shown below,write the relational schema,draw a dependencies,inclunding all partial and transitive dependencies.assume that the table does not contain repeat
Update Operations and Dealing with Constraint Violations There are three basic operations to be executes on relations: Insertion Deletion Update The INSER
project on dbms
Example- Search the salary of employees who are not 'ANALYST' but get a salary below than or equal to any people employed as 'ANALYST'. SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL FROMEMP
Problem : AirwaysCentre, an international airline booking company currently uses a relational database system for their operations, which includes the following relations: P
What does data dictionary is a special file contains ? The data dictionary is a special file contain The name of all fields in all files.The width of all fields in all files an
What is ICR? A. ICR (Intelligent Character Recognition) is a technology that gives scanning and imaging systems the ability to identify images of hand-printed or script charact
Define a property that is not a property of transactions? Ans: Concurrency is not a property of transactions
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