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What are the General Transformation Rules for Relational operations?
Ans: The transformation rules transform one relational algebra expression to AN
EQUIVALENT ONE
1. Employed by the query optimizer to optimize query tree
2. Any type of rule, if applied, ensures that the resultant tree is equivalent → resulting execution plan is equivalent
General Transformation Rules is as follow:
1. Commutativity of s: The s operation is commutative:
why older data models are being replaced by new data models.
Software failures : In such cases, a software error abruptly stops the implementation of the current transaction (or all transactions), therefore leading to losing the state of pr
If R1 and R2 are two relations or functions, then the result of R3 = R1 × R2 is the combination of tuples that are in R1 and R2. The product is associative and commutative. Degr
Horizontal Fragmentation- Horizontal fragmentation groups together the tuples in a relation that are collectively used by the main transactions. A horizontal fragment is produced b
Which operator is Cartesian product in relational algebra? Cartesian product in relational algebra is a binary operator. (It requires two operands. e.g., P X Q)
What is OLAP? OnLine Analytical Processing (OLAP) is a Business Intelligence (BI) reporting system. OLAP gives the user with the capability to sum, count, average and do other
What is deadlock? Neither of the transaction can ever proceed with its normal implementation. This situation is known as deadlock.
explain the level architectures of the database management system
can you create a database for me in oracle/sql
Question 1 Explain the 10 reasons to use MySQL Question 2 Write the SQL statements to demonstrate the following using SELECT command Expression Evaluation ORDER BY
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