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What are the General Transformation Rules for Relational operations?
Ans: The transformation rules transform one relational algebra expression to AN
EQUIVALENT ONE
1. Employed by the query optimizer to optimize query tree
2. Any type of rule, if applied, ensures that the resultant tree is equivalent → resulting execution plan is equivalent
General Transformation Rules is as follow:
1. Commutativity of s: The s operation is commutative:
Process of Adjustment of inheritance During object design, inheritance is readjusted by rearranging classes and operations, and abstracting common behaviour.
does tables are called relations
Write an sql statement to find what is the percentage of home policies which are from the state of Arizona out of all Home policies by Policy Value.
(a) Differentiate between information and data . (b) List and briefly explain five potential benefits of the database approach compared to conventional file systems. (c) Diff
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What is the role of ORDER By Clause? ORDER BY clause: The ORDER BY clause permits you to sort the records in your result set. The ORDER BY clause can just be used in select s
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What is the need of a log in a DBMS? Briefly describe the various types of records that are normally present in a log. Ans: The system log, which is generally writt
external and internal mapping with examples
Let us first look into some of the important features of ER model. Entity relationship model is a high-level conceptual data model. It permits us to define the data invo
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