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What are the DBMS languages? Briefly explain?
Data Definition language (DDL):A database schema is specified through a set of definitions expressed through a special language called data definition language. For instance, the subsequent statement in the SQL describes the account table
Create table account (account_number char(10), balance integer)
Execution of the above DDL statement creates the account table. DDL permits a user to specify storage structure and access techniques used through the database system as well as specify certain consistency constraints such as balance of an account should on fall below Rs1000.
Data Manipulation language (DML): A data-manipulation language (DML) is a language which enables users to access or manipulate data as organized through the appropriate data model.
There are basically two types:
1) Procedural DMLs needs a user to specify what data are required and how to get those data. 2) Declarative DMLs (also referred to as nonprocedural DMLs) need a user to specify what data are required without specifying how to get those data.
List the types of authorization. A) Read authorization B) Write authorization C) Update authorization D) Drop authorization
What are the comparison operator in SQL? Comparison operator in SQL are =, LIKE and BETWEEN
Illustrate different types of Locks in SQL Server. There are three kinds of locks in SQL Server i.) Shared locks - These are used for operations which don't allow any update
A constraint named less_than_20 was defined on the field date_of_birth of table student. Delete this constraint. ALTER TABLE student DROP CONSTRAINT less_than_20;
Benefits of Sequential File Organisation It is quick and efficient when dealing with huge volumes of data that require being processed periodically (batch system). Dra
Can a filed occur in several field groups. Yes. But it leads to redundant data redundancy.
explain participation constraints with examples
Define instance and schema? Instance: Collection of data stored in the data base at a certain moment is Schema: The overall design of the data base is known as the data base
What are temporary tables? Temporary tables exist solely for a particular session or whose data persists for the duration of the transaction.
Explain the main advantages of DBMS over File Oriented System ?
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