Ventricular septal defect (vsd), Biology

Assignment Help:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 

In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located in  the membranous part of  the ventricular septum with a variable extension into adjoining muscular part of  the ventricular septum. Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac lesion.  

Pathophysiology and Hemodynamics 

In ventricular septal defect there is shunting of  oxygenated blood from the left to the right ventricle as the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. This results in passage of oxygenated blood in greater amounts from left to the right ventricle, leading to pulmonary hypertension. In extreme cases there may be only one ventricle. The muscles, hypertrophy, because of  increased pressure in the right ventricle due to left to right shunt and pulmonary resistance. The muscles of  right atrium also enlarge due  to increased pressure. If pulmonary vascular resistance increases, the left to right shunt gets reduced, resulting in right to left shunt. Unoxygenated blood then crosses to the left ventricle and enters the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger syndrome, a combination of pulmonary hypertension with reversed shunting.  


Related Discussions:- Ventricular septal defect (vsd)

Difference between spermatocyte i and spermatogonium, Q. What is the differ...

Q. What is the difference between spermatocyte I and spermatogonium? The male germ cells are the spermatogonia (diploid cells, 2n) situated in the testicles and they mature an

Effects of cardiac output and hormones, Excluding the effects of cardiac ou...

Excluding the effects of cardiac output and hormones, describe the other factors that may affect blood pressure and blood flow in a middle-aged man who is exercising in an aerobics

Effect of ph or nutrient availability, Effect of pH or Nutrient Availabilit...

Effect of pH or Nutrient Availability One of the greatest influence of pH on plant growth is through its effect on the nutrient availability. When base saturation is less than

Explain about vitamin D, Vitamin D (Calciferol - vitamin D2) The main f...

Vitamin D (Calciferol - vitamin D2) The main forms are Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol-plant origin) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol-animal origin). Vitamin D2 forms colourless, aci

Which pancreatic tissues involved in endocrine secretion, Q. What are the p...

Q. What are the pancreatic tissues involved respectively in the endocrine and exocrine secretions? What are their respective hormones and enzymes? The exocrine secretion of the

Protozoa, what is the life cycle of a protozoa

what is the life cycle of a protozoa

Cells, Cell theory exception

Cell theory exception

How to calculate fractional shbrtening, Q. How to calculate Fractional Shbr...

Q. How to calculate Fractional Shbrtening? With the cursor- beam cutting the left ventricle just beyond the tips of mitral valve in an adequate parasternal long axis view,

Explain the use and care of microscope, Explain the Use and Care of Microsc...

Explain the Use and Care of Microscope? Proper care and maintenance of microscope is needed. Following points should be kept in mind while handling the microscope: (i) Instr

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd