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To value an option-free bond, we must determine the on-the-run yield curve for the particular issuer whose bond we have to value. This on-the-run yield curve used for valuation process is considered as the benchmark interest rates.
Let us consider the following on-the-run issue. The illustration deals with an option-free bond with four years remaining to maturity and a coupon rate of 6.5%.
Maturity
Yield to Maturity (%)
Market Price (in $)
1 year
3.4
100
2 years
3.9
3 years
4.7
4 years
5.0
Each bond is trading at par value i.e., at $100, so the coupon rate is equal to the yield to maturity.
Using the bootstrapping method, the spot rates are determined as follows:
Years
Spot Rates (%)
1
3.3000
2
3.9098
3
4.8120
4
5.0586
Using spot rates, we can calculate the present value of the cash flows.
= $105.374
The payment that the issuer makes to the bondholder can be in any currency. The contract at the time of bond issue between the issuer and the investor can specify
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