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Update Anomaly: This anomaly is occurred due to data redundancy. Redundant information makes updates more complex since, for example, varying the name of the instructor of MCS-014 would need that all tuples having MCS-014 enrolment information be updated. If for some reason, all tuples are not updated, we may have a database that gives 2 names of instructor for the subject MCS-014 which is inconsistent information. This problem is known as update anomaly. An update anomaly results in data inconsistency.
Hashed File Organisation Hashing is the most common form of purely random access to a database or file. It is also used to access columns that do not have an index as an optimi
Question: (a) Why is it important to know the architecture rather than to start requirement capture when designing a large scale system? (b) Who are the different people in
What is a PROJECT operation? The project operation is a unary operation that returns its argument relation with particular attributes left out. Projection is shown by pie (π).
Describe the four main ways of optimising disk block access. Ans: a. Disk b. Non-volatile writes buffers c. File organization (Clustering) d. Log-based file system
What is a heterogeneous distributed database? In a heterogeneous distributed database, dissimilar sites may use different schemas, and dissimilar dbms s/w. The sites may not be
How the time stamps are implemented Use the value of the system clock as the time stamp. That is a transaction's time stamp is equivalent to the value of the clock when the tra
What is the role of a database administrator?
Why is need for the multiple access paths?
Question: (a) List four disadvantages of the File Processing System as compared to the Database Systems. (b) The integrity of a database is enforced by integrity rules. One
Architectural standard: Designation : Architect , Consultant Job Profile : As a part of Oracle Fusion Middleware at Satyam, I am involved with Presales, Delivery, A
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