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Most real-life applications are built on top of the UDP and TCP transport protocols. UDP, which stands for User Datagram Protocol, provides the capability of delivering individual messages from one computer to another. However, these messages might be lost or can arrive out of order.
Why would someone want to use such a protocol? One example application might be video streaming, in which we don't care that much if a packet was lost, and if the video has kept playing, we're not going to go back and show an old frame which has arrived late. While UDP has its place for some speci?c applications, by far the most used transport protocol is TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). TCP provides a connection with reliable, in-order delivery of a
stream of bytes, so the application programmer doesn't have to worry very much about dropped packets, packets which arrive out of order, or the details of network message boundaries. Notice that maybe the most important feature provided by transport protocols is the possibility of performing process-to-process communication. This capability means that not only can we send messages from one machine to another, but from a speci?c process in the origin machine to a speci?c process in the destination machine. In addition to the IP addresses, we also use the port numbers, which are endpoint sub-addresses, visible to the application layer. If we think of IP addresses as analogous to "building numbers", we can interpret ports as analogous to "apartment numbers".
Which form of PPP error detection on Cisco routers monitors data dropped on a link? Ans) The Quality protocol monitors data dropped on a link. Magic Number avoids frame looping
Screened Host Architecture This architecture consists of two host machines: a Screening Router and a Screening Host. Screening Router is placed between a local network and the
QUESTION (a) Briefly describe the direct coordination model and the meeting oriented coordination model (b) What does JADE stands for? (c) Name the three spec
State the specification of high-end server A mid-range or high-end server with the following specifications would be sufficient for a medium to large organisation: A Pentiu
The Network layer is used to route physical data to the destination point, it decides the actual path from where data travels to destination point. The network layer supports both
IP plus port (IP on layer 3 and port on Layer 4 - In Encapsulation, socket base decision on Network Layer -Layer 3)
Q. Advantages of Fiber Optics? - Higher bandwidth in comparison to twisted-pair and coaxial cable is not limited by medium but by equipment used to generate and receive signals
Normally, we think of communications science as dealing with the contemporaneous exchange of information among distant parties. Though, many of the same techniques employed in data
Recognize the command to show the status of the Frame Relay virtual circuit Ans) Router# show frame-relay pvc
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