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Transactions And Concurrency Management
Introduction
One of the main benefits of storing data in an integrated repository or a database is to permit sharing of it between multiple users. Various users access the database or perform transactions at the similar time. What if a user's transactions try to access a data item that is being used /modified by another transaction? This unit attempts to give details on how concurrent transactions are implemented under the control of DBMS. Though, in order to describe the concurrent transactions, first we must explain the term transaction.
Concurrent implementation of user programs is essential for good performance of DBMS, as concurrent running of various user programs keeps utilizing CPU time efficiently, as disk accesses are frequent and are relatively slow in case of DBMS. Also, a user's program may carry out a lot of operations on the data returned from DB, but DBMS is only concerned about what data is being written from / read / into the database.
What are the DBMS languages? Briefly explain? Data Definition language (DDL):A database schema is specified through a set of definitions expressed through a special language
Which component is not included in database environment ? A users component is not included in database environment.
What are the advantages of object oriented databases in comparison with others? Why it is still not widely used? Object oriented designs are coherent, efficient and less prone
What subschema expresses ? A subschema expresses the external view. (External schemas are called also called as subschemas)
Design an algorithm to implement operations Each and every operation specified in the functional model could be formulated as an algorithm. The algorithm indicates how operat
explain exhausitively the problems associated with er diagrams with ellustrations
Primary Index In primary index, there is a one-to-one relationship among the entries in the index table and the records in the major table. Primary index can be of two types:
Creating views with check option : This option limits those updates of data values that cause records to go off the view. The following instance tells this in more detail: Examp
What is the difference between WHERE and HAVING clauses?. Predicates in the WHERE clause applies to every tuple while the predicate in the HAVING clause applies to groups.
how to construct labelled precedence graph for view serialiability.please explain insteps with one solved examples
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