Towards a national accounting system, Macroeconomics

Assignment Help:

 

TOWARDS A NATIONAL ACCOUNTING SYSTEM 

A real life modern economy is a very complex structure consisting of millions of units engaged in a variety of economic transactions. There are organizations which produce and distribute a variety of goods and services. There are households which consume goods and services, offer their labor services to productive organizations and make their savings available for investment. There are financial institutions which act as intermediaries between savers and investors. There are state and central governments who impose and collect taxes and provide a range of public services. Transactions take place among the units within an economy as well as with foreigners in the process of production and consumption of goods and services, creation and transfer of physical and financial assets, production of public goods and services, etc. National accounts attempt to provide a summary picture of the entire gamut of these economic transactions.

Obviously, to be useful at all, the national accounts cannot go down to the level of individual units. Substantial aggregation must be done over the units and detailed transactions so that national accounts can be cast in terms of a manageable number of macroeconomic aggregates. In the design and construction of these aggregates, the criterion is that the accounts must enable us to identify and estimate important economic relationships. A general principle is that economic activities subject to similar behavioral determinants should be aggregated together.

Corresponding to the corporate accounts, three types of accounts can be constructed for the national economy. The National Income Accounts deal with flows of goods and services during a year; the flow of funds accounts depict changes in financial assets and liabilities of the various sectors of the economy. (A sector is a collection of units engaged in similar economic activities.) Finally, the national balance sheet will reflect the nation's wealth at a point of time. A fourth type of accounts called Input-Output accounts depict the flows of goods and services between the various productive and household sectors of the economy.

In this note we will focus on National Income and Product Accounts often simply called 'National Accounts'. We will begin with a very simple hypothetical economy and add complications one at a time finally approaching an accounting system for a real-life economy. 


Related Discussions:- Towards a national accounting system

Money and banking, Suppose the price level in year 2009 is 100 and $100 buy...

Suppose the price level in year 2009 is 100 and $100 buys 100 notebooks that year. If the price level rises to 125 in year 2010, what is the new value or purchasing power of the do

State about the United States government bonds, State about the unitesd sta...

State about the unitesd state government bonds In most countries, you find government bonds with longer maturity. For example, in the United States you have Treasury notes (two

Codinal theory - consumer choice concernin utility, Ordinal Theory: A...

Ordinal Theory: A Short Note In ordinal approach, utility is measured ordinally i.e., qualitatively (not numerically or quantitatively). Alternatively, consumer can rank her

Analysis of direct material, What is most likely to go wrong in the analysi...

What is most likely to go wrong in the analysis of direct material and other direct costs and what could be done about it.

What is an oligopoly?, Oligopoly is a marketplace where the deliver is cont...

Oligopoly is a marketplace where the deliver is controlled by a small group of companies. In this condition, the actions of single company will have a material effect on the whole

Optimal order size, A major component of the costs of many large firms  is ...

A major component of the costs of many large firms  is the cost associated with ordering and holding inventory. If the yearly demand for the good is  D and the size of each order p

What is globalization, what are its effects on the Indian economy? Ans) ...

what are its effects on the Indian economy? Ans) It is largely positive. Globalization has brought a lot of jobs and large sums of investment to India. India's economy has been

Demand for money for as-ad model, Q. Demand for money for AS-AD model? ...

Q. Demand for money for AS-AD model? The money market  The demand for money depends negatively on R,positively on Y and positively on P in AS-AD model

National income of india, project with introduction,aims and objectives,nee...

project with introduction,aims and objectives,need and importance,preparation of data and information,case study,problems,conclusion

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd