THEORY OF PRODUCTION:

Production activities related to goods and services require inputs. Typically, the set of inputs includes labour, capital equipments and raw materials. The producing unit usually has to solve the choice problem as a given amount of output can be produced from various combinations of inputs. Firms, therefore, look for production possibilities that are technologically feasible. A production function describes the relation between input and output with a given the technology. More formally, it shows the maximum amount of output that can be produced from any specified set of inputs, given the existing technology. If we assume that there are only two factors of production - labour (L), capital (K) and a single output q, mathematically a production function can be written as, 

q = F(L, K)