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Attributes that are directly kept in the data base.
For example, 'Birth date' attribute of a person.
Derived
Attributes that are not stored directly but can be derived from stored attributes are known as derived attributes. For instance, The years of services of a 'person' entity can be determined from the present date and the date of joining of the person. Likewise, total salary of a 'person' can be calculated from 'basic salary' attribute of a 'person'.
What is storage manager? A storage manager is a program module that gives the interface between the Low level data kept in a database and the application programs
What is meant by log-based recovery? The most widely used structures for recording database changes is the log. The log is a sequence of log records, recording all the update a
Explain controlled redundancy? Controlled redundancy : The replication of data within the data warehouse for the purposes of improved data access or understand ability.
It defines that no primary key value can be null. This is as the primary key is used to recognize individual tuple in the relation. So we will not be able to recognize the records
What is indexed sequential file organization? What are the applications of this organization? Ans: An index file can be employed to effectively overcome the problem of storing
Explain the Exec statement in SQL Ans: Exec statement has the structure EXEC SQL END-EXEC Embeded SQl statements are of a form identical to non embedded SQL statem
a. Construct a query around any one of the functional divisions you made in 4a such that if executed in the distributed design of 4 would require reconstruction of at least two ho
Describe the functions and features of foreign key? Foreign Key : The primary key of one file or table that is implanted in another file or table to implement the relationships
What is meant by computing the closure of a set of functional dependency? The closure of F denoted by F + is the set of functional dependencies logically implied by F.
example of embedded SQL query
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