Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Stimulus and Response: Scientists concerned with human behaviour and attitudes, namely psychologists, have tried to understand the basic process of learning, starting from simple models and situations. The simplest model is that of stimulus and response. The Russian Nobel Prize winner, Ivan Pavlov in early 1900s canied out some experiments on dogs which were perhaps the best examples of a stimulus producing a certain kind of response. While studying the physiology of digestion in dogs he wanted to measure the flow of saliva. For this he inserted a tube in the cheek of the dog and placed a bowl of meat in front of it and the dog began to salivate.
apparatus devised by the Russ~an scientist to test learned reflexes. Saliva canied by a tube to beaker, acttvated a lever connwted to the pen beyond the screen at left. Each dmp of saliva was registered by a mark on the revotvtng drum. The dogs evidently learned to enjoy their work, hopping up onto the platform without being asked. This, of coutse, is a natural response of any dog. He begins to salivate when he gets his food. But a strange thing happened. The dog began to salivate at the sight of the apparatus or the experimenter even before the food was placed in front of it. Pavlov could have treated this as an experimental nuisance but being a scientist he started asking questions. Pavlov knew that salivation at the sight of food was a natural reflex action. It happens in every dog since birth, but the other reaction was something new, what we can call a learned reflex. Now he decided to investigate if the dog could be made to associate food .with other stimuli. In a typical experiment, a bell was sounded just before the meat was given to the dog. This was repeated several times. Pavlov noticed that the dog now began to salivate as soon as the bell was rung even if food was not given. The animal associated the two stimuli, food and bell, therefore, one could be substituted for the other. Table shows the steps in this training process.
The Sun is the most important star from our point of view. It is the only star close enough to be studied in considerable detail. The grandeur of the Sun is partly because of
Ventures in Space: Sometimes the atmospheric conditions distort the light or radiowaves coming in from space. For instance, there may be a storm disturbing the radiowaves. O
REGULATIONS CONCERNING SAFETY AND HEALTH OF WORKERS IN INDUSTRIAL LABORATORIES The workers in industry engaged in using or producing chemicals, coal, high temperature, intense
Mass communication: The well-known exponent of the role of mass media in development, Dr. Wilbur Schramm, who headed a team of experts to advise the development of infrastr
Define age related changes in Immune mechanisms The immune competence decreases with age. This affects the cell-mediated and humoral immunity. We will learn about these aspect
The Water Cycle Heat some water unless it is near the boiling point. Place it in a drinking glass and rotate the glass so as to moisten the sides right to the top. Place some v
Are you there?
Now imagine a human resource (HR) manager at a corporation, struggling with the concept of reading comprehension among employees in the workplace setting, wanted to try the new stu
Explain Immunoassay - antigen-antibody interaction Immunoassay : This helps us to measure concentration of Ag derived from infectious organism or to measure specific Ab bound
Malnutrition and ill health: Are you familiar with the term malnutrition? Malnutrition means either lack of sufficient food or imbalance of nutrients in the diet, resulting in
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +1-415-670-9521
Phone: +1-415-670-9521
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd