Market risk as that portion of total variability of return caused by the alternating Forces of bull and bear markets. When the security index moves upward haltingly for a significant period of time, it is known as bull market. In the bull market, the index moves from a low level to the peak. Bear market is just is a reverse to the bull market, the index declines haltingly from the peak to a market low point called trough for a significant period of time. During the bull and bear market more than 80 per cent of the securities' prices rise or fall along with the stock market indices.

The forces that affect the stock market are tangible and intangible events. The tangible events are real events such as earthquake, war, political uncertainty and fall in the value of currency.

Intangible events related to market. The market psychology is affected by the Real events. But resection to the tangible events becomes over reactions and they push the market in a particular' direction.