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A relation instance indicates as r is a collection of tuples for a given relational schema at a exact point of time.
A relation state r of the relation schema R (A1,A2,..........AN), also denoted by r(R) is a set of n-tuples
r = {t1,t2,............tm}
Where each n-tuple is an ordered list of n values
t = 1,v2,........, vn>
where every vi belongs to domain (Ai) or includes null values.
The relation schema is also known as 'intension' and relation state is also known as 'Extension'.
Update Operations and Dealing with Constraint Violations There are three basic operations to be executes on relations: Insertion Deletion Update The INSER
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