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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
What is data model? Explain object based and record based data models? Ans: A data model is an abstract model in which describes how data is represented and accessed. (i)
What is horizontal fragmentation? Horizontal fragmentation divides the relation by assuming every tuple of r to one or more fragments
What are stored and derived attributes? Stored attributes: The attributes keeps in a data base are known as stored attributes. Derived attributes: The attributes that are de
Derived horizontal fragmentation: Some applications may include a join of two or more relations. If the relations are stored at dissimilar locations, there may be a major overhead
Define the Wait for graph Ans: The wait-for-graph is a directed graph and consist of nodes and directed arcs; the nodes of the graph are active transactions. An arc of the grap
Explain the conventions for displaying an ER schema as an ER diagram? An E-R Diagram scheme might describe certain constraints to that the contents of a database must conform.
While using extract datasets it is required to have a special workarea for interface False. It is not required to have a special workarea for interface
Suppose an instruction takes 1 nanosecond to execute (on average), a page fault takes 20 microseconds of processor time, and it takes 300 microseconds of disk time to read or write
Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE
er diagram on cosmetics.
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