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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
Create 1 experiment to demonstrate an aspect of query optimisation by using access-path structures (indexes), decomposition, or denormalisation. Once satisfied with your experiment
Consider the relations EMP(ENO,ENAME,AGE,BASIC_SALARY) WORK_IN(ENO,DNO) DEPT(DNO,DNAME,CITY) Express the following queries in SQL (i) Find names of employees who work in a dep
What are referential integrity constraints? A value that appears in single relation for a given set of attributes also appears for a particular set of attributes in another rel
explain participation constraints with examples
What is object containment? References among objects can be used to model dissimilar real-world concepts.
What are the General Transformation Rules for Relational operations? Ans: The transformation rules transform one relational algebra expression to AN EQUIVALENT ONE 1. E
What are the comparison operator in SQL? Comparison operator in SQL are =, LIKE and BETWEEN
It defines that no primary key value can be null. This is as the primary key is used to recognize individual tuple in the relation. So we will not be able to recognize the records
Submit the SQL Statements necessary to create your database according to the following guidelines: Your SQL statements should exactly mirror your ERD. All primary keys,
4. Describe three ways to handle missing field values
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