Process capability index - measure of inherent capability, Operation Management

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Process Capability Index - Measure of the Inherent Capability

This index provides a measure of the inherent capability of a process by simply relating the 6σ spread of the process to the tolerance band. The assumption is made that the mean m of the process lies at mid- tolerance, as shown in the figure below. If the Cp index is less than 1, then a significant proportion of the process output will be out with specification, even when the process mean is centred within the tolerance band.

74_Process Capability Index - Measure of Inherent Capability.png

If the Cp index value is equal to 1, then, provided the process mean is centred within the tolerance band, only 3 parts per thousand (0.3 per cent) will be outwith the specification. If the Cp index value is greater than 1, and the process mean is centred, then a correspondingly higher proportion of the output will conform to specification. For example, GE/Motorola's six-sigma (ie ±6 sigma) programme equates to a Cp index value of 2, and a non- conformance rate of 3.4 parts per million.


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