Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

Multi-layer network architectures, Multi-Layer Network Architectures: ...

Multi-Layer Network Architectures: As we considered we saw in the previous lecture that perceptrons have limited scope in the type of concepts that they can learn - but they c

What are difference between latches and flipflops, What are difference betw...

What are difference between latches and flipflops? Difference : Latches are level-sensitive, while, flipflops is edge sensitive. It means to say edge sensitive that O/p change

Using network drive mappings, If various load generators need to access the...

If various load generators need to access the similar physical files, rather than having to remember to copy the files every time they change, each load generator can reference a c

What are modes of operation of centralized spc, What are modes of operation...

What are modes of operation of centralized SPC? In about all the present day electronic switching systems utilizing centralized control, only a two-processor configuration is

Explain essential properties of real time operating system, Describe the es...

Describe the essential properties of the Real Time operating systems. Real time operating system has following essential properties: Time constraint result Priority

Illustrate working of J-K flip-flop, Q. Illustrate working of J-K flip-flop...

Q. Illustrate working of J-K flip-flop? J-K flip-flop is also a modification of SR flip-flop since it has 2 inputs same as S and R and all possible inputs combinations are vali

Digital Design, Design a serial 2’s complementer with a shift register and ...

Design a serial 2’s complementer with a shift register and a flip-flop

Computers and cntrol, Define open and closed loop cotrol systems.Explain di...

Define open and closed loop cotrol systems.Explain difference between time varying and time invariant control system wth suitable example

Personal computer software, Personal Computer Software     The perso...

Personal Computer Software     The personal computer software market has burgeoned from the past decade. Spreadsheets, Word processing, computer graphics, database managemen

Define parity generator, Define parity generator During transmission, a...

Define parity generator During transmission, at sending end the message is applied to a parity generator, where the needed bit is formed.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd