Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

Vector processing with pipelining-vector processing, Vector Processing with...

Vector Processing with Pipelining: Since in vector processing, vector instructions perform the similar computation on dissimilar data operands repeatedly, vector processing is most

Explain about zip drive, Q. Explain about Zip Drive? Zip Drive: Loads...

Q. Explain about Zip Drive? Zip Drive: Loads of files, Volumes of data have definitely increased onus on today's computer user and protection of this data is what bugs every

Explain the storage class extern, Explain The Storage Class extern The...

Explain The Storage Class extern The Storage Class extern : One method of transmitting information across blocks and functions is to use external variables. When a variable is

Fingerprint- biometric computer security systems, Fingerprint- Biometric co...

Fingerprint- Biometric computer security systems First of all, fingerprint is the most commonly used biometric technology, because every person has unique fingerprints and the

How much frequency is centered in typical human voice, Typical human voice ...

Typical human voice is centered around                   Hz. (A)  200-400                                     (B)  280-3000  (C)  400-600

Illustrate about 8259, Illustrate about 8259 8259A adds 8 vectored pri...

Illustrate about 8259 8259A adds 8 vectored priority encoded interrupts to the microprocessor. We can expand it to 64 interrupt requests by using one master 8259A and 8 slave

Computer architecture, what is complex instruction set computer and reduce...

what is complex instruction set computer and reduced complex instruction set computer

Software aspects - computer technology , Software Aspects: Software is...

Software Aspects: Software is a generic term covering the concepts, procedures and instructions which enable computer systems to do useful things. Usually, software is conceiv

Expert systems, An expert systems is software that contains a knowledge ...

An expert systems is software that contains a knowledge base of facts and relationships and has the ability to make inferences based on that knowledge base. An experts sys

Drawback of these electromechanical and mechanical computers, Drawback of t...

Drawback of these electromechanical and mechanical computers The basic drawback was: Inertia/friction of moving components had limited speed. The data movement usin

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd