Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

What are the characteristics of dram, What are the characteristics of DRAM?...

What are the characteristics of DRAM? Low cost High density Refresh circuitry is needed

Give detail explanation about arithmetic micro-operations, Give detail expl...

Give detail explanation about Arithmetic Micro-operations These micro-operations perform some essential arithmetic operations on numeric data stored in the registers. These bas

Dick cheney approach, How many "true" terrorists are there in the US?  I do...

How many "true" terrorists are there in the US?  I don't know, but let's suppose that there are 3000 out of a total population of, say, 3,000,000.  That is, one person in 100,000 i

Define abap/4 layer, Define ABAP/4 layer? The ABAP/4 layer defines the ...

Define ABAP/4 layer? The ABAP/4 layer defines the data formats used by the ABAP/4 processor.

What is ai checkers, The major programs here are Arthur Samuel's, the rote ...

The major programs here are Arthur Samuel's, the rote learning method which is a lot like a memory based method, generalization learning which is a lot like backprop and a signatur

Create perl scripts, Create Perl scripts as required below: a) Create a ...

Create Perl scripts as required below: a) Create a script named select_by_attribute.pl that accepts the name of a LibML documentand the name of a particular attribute from the c

Does gimp have scanner support, Yes. It's available on Windows and uses TWA...

Yes. It's available on Windows and uses TWAIN, and on GNU/Linux you constant have a choice among XSane and gnome-scan - both can be used as GIMP plug-ins.

Difference among activity and sequence diagram, a. Activity diagram: Activi...

a. Activity diagram: Activity diagram is used for functional modelling. Captures the process flow. b.  Sequence diagram :  Sequence diagram is  used for dynamic modeling.

What are common reason for error massages while copying file, Q. What are c...

Q. What are common reason for error massages while copying file? While copying files with copy, DOS in encounters any error, it displays a suitable error massage. The common re

Explain clone process, Explain Clone process. A clone process is genera...

Explain Clone process. A clone process is generated using primitive type clone by duplicating its parent process. However unlike traditional processes it might be share its con

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd