Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

State the important features of operating system, a. Define operating syste...

a. Define operating system? State the important features of operating system? b. Describe the following facilities for implementing interacting processes in programming language

ERP, ERP usage in real world

ERP usage in real world

Explain about end-user computing, End-user Computing: The growing base of p...

End-user Computing: The growing base of personal computers and local area networks in the end user community are supported. This offers installation services, training and helps de

Discuss about charles babbage in brief, Discuss about Charles Babbagein bri...

Discuss about Charles Babbagein brief Mechanism  for  advancing  or  reversing  of  control  card  were  allowed  therefore enabling execution of any desired instruction. In ot

#title, what are the applications of microprogramming

what are the applications of microprogramming

What is page fault, What is page fault? Its types? Page fault refers to...

What is page fault? Its types? Page fault refers to the situation of not having a page in the major memory when any process references it. There are two kinds of page fault :

Define mapping and list mapping procedure, Define Mapping and List  mappin...

Define Mapping and List  mapping procedure? The transformation of data from main memory to cache memory is known as an Mapping. Associative mapping Direct mapping

Explain the differences between macros and subroutines, Explain the differe...

Explain the differences between macros and subroutines. Macros Vs Subroutines (i) Macros are pre-processor directives which are processed before the source program is pass

Branch (control) hazards in computer architecture, Branch (control) hazards...

Branch (control) hazards in computer architecture : Branching hazards (also called control hazards) take place when the processor is told to branch -for example, if a defin

Explain redundant array of independent disks levels, Q. Explain Redundant A...

Q. Explain Redundant Array of Independent Disks levels? One such industrial standard that exists for multiple-disk database schemes is called as RAID which implies Redundant Ar

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd