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NPV, Financial Management

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2.5. Västerås Corporation plans to buy a truck for $40,000 and depreciate it fully over 5 years using straight-line method of depreciation. However, it plans to use it for 8 years and then sell it for an unknown amount. The truck will save $8000 annually, before taxes. The discount rate in this case is 12% and the income tax rate 33%. Find the resale value of the truck after 8 years just to break even.


2.6. Örebro Hospital, a non-profit entity, wants to buy a machine for $30,000, which will run for 7 years. The savings from the machine is uncertain, with expected value $5000 per year, and standard deviation $1000. The hospital uses 11% as the discount rate and it does not pay any income taxes. Find the probability that the machine will be profitable, that is, it has a positive NPV.


2.7. Linköping Cancer Institute is planning to acquire an NMR machine at a cost of $24 million. The machine has an uncertain life span: it may last for 6 years (probability 50%), 7 years (probability 30%), or 8 years (probability 20%). The Institute will depreciate the machine on a straight-line basis with a life of 6 years, with no residual value. While the machine is in operation, it will generate a pretax income of $6 million annually. The tax rate of Institute is 40% and it uses a discount rate of 9%. Should the Institute buy the new machine?


2.8. Helsingborg Corporation is considering the purchase of a new machine that has an expected life of 5 years with a standard deviation of 2 years. The machine will cost $40,000 and will generate a pre-tax income of $10,000 annually. The tax rate of Helsingborg is 40% and its cost of capital is 7%. Helsingborg will depreciate the machine on a straight-line basis over 5 years with no residual value. Calculate the probability that the machine will have a life of between 4 and 7 years. Is the machine acceptable if it runs for only 4 years?

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