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Non-viral vectors
Viral vectors are highly efficient but when it comes to large scale production at the commercial level, non-viral serve as a better choice. These methods produce low immunogenic response and hence are also considered to be safe. With the recent advancement in this area the efficiency of transfection has also improved (Anderson, N.D). The best examples of non viral vectors include:
Apart from these few other non viral methods include, the use of DNA complexing reagents, liposomes etc.
Table 1: A table showing comparison of vectors (Gould and Favorov, 2003, Table 1)
Vector
Transgene capacity
Immunogenicity
Genome integration
Long-term expression
Transfer into dividing (D) and quiesent (Q) cells
Plasmid-naked
Unlimited
Low
No
Only in muscle
D and Q
Plasmid-complexed
Ad 1st generation
5 kb
High
Ad 2nd generation
8 kb
Ad gutless
37 kb
Less
Longer
AAV
4 kb
Yes and episomal
Yes
HSV
35 kb
Retrovirus
Up to 8 kb
D
Lentivirus
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