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Name ResolutionIn potentially uncertain SQL statements, the names of the database columns take precedence over the names of the local variables and formal parameters. For e.g. the DELETE statement removes all the employees from the emp table, not just ’KING’, as Oracle suppose that both enames in the WHERE clause refer to thedatabase column:DECLAREename VARCHAR2(10) := ’KING’;BEGINDELETE FROM emp WHERE ename = ename;In such cases, to avoid the uncertainty, prefix the names of the local variables and formal parameters with my_, as shown below:DECLAREmy_ename VARCHAR2(10);Or, use a block label to qualify references, as in<>DECLAREename VARCHAR2(10) := ’KING’;BEGINDELETE FROM emp WHERE ename = main.ename;The next illustration shows that you can use a subprogram name to qualify references to a local variables and formal parameters:FUNCTION bonus (deptno IN NUMBER, ...) RETURN REAL ISjob CHAR(10);BEGINSELECT ... WHERE deptno = bonus.deptno AND job = bonus.job;
Anatomy of a Command Figure, showing a simple SQL command, is almost identical to its counterpart in the theory book. The only difference arises from the fact that SQL uses a
TTITLE and BTITLE are commands in Pl-SQL to control report headings and footers. This Ttitle & Btitle are mainly used on creating SQL*PLUS report. Ttitle is used for toptitle headi
SQLs counterpart of the key words: The text from the opening parenthesis to the end of the fourth line specifies the declared type of the table, meaning that every table ever
BETWEEN Operator The operator BETWEEN, tests whether the value lies in a specified series. That means "greater than or equivalent to low value and less than or equivalent to hig
Cursors The Oracle uses work areas to execute the SQL statements and to store process information. A PL/SQL construct known as the cursor. Let's you assume name a work area and
Create a view named CustomerAddresses that shows the shipping and billing addresses for each customer in the MyGuitarShop database. This view should return these columns from the
GOTO Statement The GOTO statement branches categorically to a block label or statement label. The label should be exclusive within its scope and should precede a PL/SQL bloc
Use of Table Comparisons - SQL Table comparisons where it is noted that although table expressions cannot be compared, we have TABLE (t) to convert a table expression t into
MAX and MIN operator in SQL Example: (SELECT MAX (Mark) FROM EXAM_MARK WHERE StudentId = 'S1') (SELECT MIN (Mark) FROM EXAM_MARK WHERE StudentId = 'S1') Example
Information Hiding With the information hiding, you see only the details that are significant at a given level of algorithm and data structure design. The Information hiding
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